Abstract: Borated derivatives of C.sub.8 to C.sub.40 hydrocarbyl substituted Mannich bases such as those derived from the condensation reaction of a C.sub.8 -C.sub.40 alkyl substituted hydroxy aromatic compound (said alkyl preferably having a linear chain of 16 to 22 carbons), an aldehyde and a mono (C.sub.2 -C.sub.3 alkanol) amine, preferably wherein the molar ratios of said aromatic to said aldehyde to said amine is about 1 to 0.9-1.4 to 0.9-1.4, respectively, are useful in combination with a coadditive hydrocarbon such as an amorphous hydrocarbon or a hydrogenated polybutadiene in improving the cold flow properties of distillate hydrocarbon oils.

Abstract: Alkoxy phenols such as o-methoxyphenol (guaiacol) and o-ethoxyphenol are prepared from substituted cycloaliphatic ketones by dehydrogenation thereof in the presence of a Group VIII noble metal catalyst, preferably palladium supported on carbon, at a temperature of 150.degree. to 250.degree. C. The reaction is carried out neat or in the liquid phase using an alicyclic ester reaction solvent having a boiling point ranging from about 150.degree. to 250.degree. C. The substituted cycloaliphatic ketone reactant, such as 2-chlorocyclohexanone is prepared by chlorination of cyclohexanone with subsequent conversion of the 2-chlorocyclohexanone to the alkoxy-cyclohexanone compound which is dehydrogenated.

Abstract: Alkoxy phenols such as o-methoxyphenol (guaiacol) and o-ethoxyphenol are prepared from substituted cycloaliphatic ketones by dehydrogenation thereof in the presence of a Group VIII noble metal catalyst, preferably palladium supported on carbon, at a temperature of 150.degree. C., to 250.degree. C. The reaction is carried out neat or in the liquid phase using an alicyclic ester reaction solvent having a boiling point ranging from about 150.degree. C., to 250.degree. C. The substituted cycloaliphatic ketone reactant, such as 2-chlorocyclohexanone is prepared by chlorination of cyclohexanone with subsequent conversion of the 2-chlorocyclohexanone to the alkoxy-cyclohexanone compound which is dehydrogenated.

Abstract: Alkoxy phenols such as o-methoxyphenol (guaiacol) and o-ethoxyphenol are prepared from substituted cycloaliphatic ketones by dehydrogenation thereof in the presence of a Group VIII noble metal catalyst, preferably palladium supported on carbon, at a temperature of 150.degree. C., to 250.degree. C. The reaction is carried out neat or in the liquid phase using an alicyclic ester reaction solvent having a boiling point ranging from about 150.degree. C., to 250.degree. C. The substituted cycloaliphatic ketone reactant, such as 2-chlorocyclohexanone is prepared by chlorination of cyclohexanone with subsequent conversion of the 2-chlorocyclohexanone to the alkoxy-cyclohexanone compound which is dehydrogenated.