Abstract: A system comprising a pumping system configured to pump respective exhaust gases from each of a plurality of chemical etching process chambers and to combine the exhaust gases to provide a combined exhaust gas, and a noble gas recovery system configured to process the combined exhaust gas to remove one or more noble gases therefrom.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure relate to hydrogen recovery system (1) for extracting hydrogen from process gases. The hydrogen recovery system (1) may include an electrochemical pump (11) for extracting at least some of the hydrogen occurring in the process gases. The electrochemical pump (11) has an anodic compartment (13) having at least one anode (14), a cathodic compartment (15) having at least one cathode (16), and a membrane (17) disposed between the anodic compartment (13) and the cathodic compartment (15). A controller (59) is provided for controlling electric current supplied to the electrochemical pump (11). The anodic compartment (13) has an anodic compartment inlet (23) for introducing the process gases into the anodic compartment (13); and an anodic compartment outlet (25) for discharging a waste gas from the anodic compartment (13). The cathodic compartment (15) has a cathodic compartment outlet (27) for discharging hydrogen extracted from the process gases.

Abstract: A multistage electrochemical hydrogen pump, comprising a first electrochemical hydrogen pumping stage fluidly connected to a second electrochemical hydrogen pumping stage. The first electrochemical pumping stage is configured to receive a first gas mixture comprising hydrogen gas, electrochemically separate hydrogen gas from the first gas mixture to produce a second gas mixture, and output the second gas mixture to the second electrochemical pumping stage. The second electrochemical hydrogen pumping stage is configured to receive the second gas mixture from the first electrochemical hydrogen pumping stage, electrochemically separate hydrogen gas from the second gas mixture to produce a third gas mixture, and output the third gas mixture.

Abstract: A multistage electrochemical hydrogen pump, comprising a first electrochemical hydrogen pumping stage fluidly connected to a second electrochemical hydrogen pumping stage. The first electrochemical pumping stage is configured to receive a first gas mixture comprising hydrogen gas, electrochemically separate hydrogen gas from the first gas mixture to produce a second gas mixture, and output the second gas mixture to the second electrochemical pumping stage. The second electrochemical hydrogen pumping stage is configured to receive the second gas mixture from the first electrochemical hydrogen pumping stage, electrochemically separate hydrogen gas from the second gas mixture to produce a third gas mixture, and output the third gas mixture.

Abstract: Provided is a device comprising a channel through and defined by a plurality of layers surrounding the channel, the channel connecting a first and a second chambers separated by the plurality of layers, wherein the plurality of layers comprise a first layer, a second layer; and a conductive middle layer disposed between the first and second layers, wherein the channel comprises (a) a first region defined by the first layer, denoted as an inlet, that is about 0.5 nm to about 100 nm in diameter and (b) a second region defined by the second layer, denoted as an outlet, wherein the inlet and the outlet are about 10 nm to about 1000 nm apart from each other, and wherein the first and second chambers and the middle layer are connected to a power supply. Also provided are methods of preparing and using the device, in particular for nucleic acid sequencing.

Abstract: Provided is a device comprising a channel through and defined by a plurality of layers surrounding the channel, the channel connecting a first and a second chambers separated by the plurality of layers, wherein the plurality of layers comprise a first layer, a second layer; and a conductive middle layer disposed between the first and second layers, wherein the channel comprises (a) a first region defined by the first layer, denoted as an inlet, that is about 0.5 nm to about 100 nm in diameter and (b) a second region defined by the second layer, denoted as an outlet, wherein the inlet and the outlet are about 10 nm to about 1000 nm apart from each other, and wherein the first and second chambers and the middle layer are connected to a power supply. Also provided are methods of preparing and using the device, in particular for nucleic acid sequencing.

Abstract: Provided is a device comprising an upper chamber, a middle chamber and a lower chamber, wherein the upper chamber is in communication with the middle chamber through a first pore, and the middle chamber is in communication with the lower chamber through a second pore, wherein the first pore and second pore are about 1 nm to about 100 nm in diameter, and are about 10 nm to about 1000 nm apart from each other, and wherein each of the chambers comprises an electrode for connecting to a power supply. Methods of using the device are also provided, in particular for sequencing a polynucleotide.

Abstract: Provided is a device comprising a channel through and defined by a plurality of layers surrounding the channel, the channel connecting a first and a second chambers separated by the plurality of layers, wherein the plurality of layers comprise a first layer, a second layer; and a conductive middle layer disposed between the first and second layers, wherein the channel comprises (a) a first region defined by the first layer, denoted as an inlet, that is about 0.5 nm to about 100 nm in diameter and (b) a second region defined by the second layer, denoted as an outlet, wherein the inlet and the outlet are about 10 nm to about 1000 nm apart from each other, and wherein the first and second chambers and the middle layer are connected to a power supply. Also provided are methods of preparing and using the device, in particular for nucleic acid sequencing.

Abstract: Provided is a device comprising a channel through and defined by a plurality of layers surrounding the channel, the channel connecting a first and a second chambers separated by the plurality of layers, wherein the plurality of layers comprise a first layer, a second layer; and a conductive middle layer disposed between the first and second layers, wherein the channel comprises (a) a first region defined by the first layer, denoted as an inlet, that is about 0.5 nm to about 100 nm in diameter and (b) a second region defined by the second layer, denoted as an outlet, wherein the inlet and the outlet are about 10 nm to about 1000 nm apart from each other, and wherein the first and second chambers and the middle layer are connected to a power supply. Also provided are methods of preparing and using the device, in particular for nucleic acid sequencing.

Abstract: A multiplexed nanopore sensing network comprising an integrated and multiplexed network of patch clamp capacitive integrator-differentiator amplifiers with small feedback capacitors using pseudo-resistors.

Abstract: A polynucleotide sequencer comprising an integrated and multiplexed network of patch clamp capacitive integrator-differentiator amplifiers with small feedback capacitors using pseudo-resistors.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new and useful (i) plant root feeding device (ii) plant root feeding system, (iii) method of feeding a plant, and (iv) method of manufacturing a plant root feeding device. The plant root feeding device comprises a fluid container (emitter) formed of semi permeable material that allows fluid to pass from the inside of the container to a plant root located in ground in proximity to the fluid container. The fluid container has a fluid inlet opening, and a fluid inlet tube is in fluid communication with the fluid inlet opening of the fluid container. The fluid inlet tube has a fixed, fluid sealed coupling to the fluid inlet opening of the fluid container, and the fluid container has a configuration that enables it to be located in ground in proximity to an in ground root system of a plant, and a permeability that enables fluid to pass from the inside of the container to the in ground root system of a plant in proximity to the fluid container.

Abstract: A compensated patch-clamp system for polynucleotide sequencing and other applications.

Abstract: A polynucleotide sequencer comprising an integrated and multiplexed network of patch clamp capacitive integrator-differentiator amplifiers with small feedback capacitors using pseudo-resistors.

Abstract: Spinal rod approximator for seating a stabilizing rod in a rod-receiving portion of a spinal implant and inserting closure mechanism is provided. In one embodiment, a spinal rod approximator is provided including a body with gripping branches, inserter shaft, threaded collar, and outer sleeve.

Abstract: Provided is a device comprising an upper chamber, a middle chamber and a lower chamber, wherein the upper chamber is in communication with the middle chamber through a first pore, and the middle chamber is in communication with the lower chamber through a second pore, wherein the first pore and second pore are about 1 nm to about 100 nm in diameter, and are about 10 nm to about 1000 nm apart from each other, and wherein each of the chambers comprises an electrode for connecting to a power supply. Methods of using the device are also provided, in particular for sequencing a polynucleotide.

Abstract: Provided is a device comprising an upper chamber, a middle chamber and a lower chamber, wherein the upper chamber is in communication with the middle chamber through a first pore, and the middle chamber is in communication with the lower chamber through a second pore, wherein the first pore and second pore are about 1 nm to about 100 nm in diameter, and are about 10 nm to about 1000 nm apart from each other, and wherein each of the chambers comprises an electrode for connecting to a power supply. Methods of using the device are also provided, in particular for sequencing a polynucleotide.

Abstract: Provided is a device comprising a channel through and defined by a plurality of layers surrounding the channel, the channel connecting a first and a second chambers separated by the plurality of layers, wherein the plurality of layers comprise a first layer, a second layer; and a conductive middle layer disposed between the first and second layers, wherein the channel comprises (a) a first region defined by the first layer, denoted as an inlet, that is about 0.5 nm to about 100 nm in diameter and (b) a second region defined by the second layer, denoted as an outlet, wherein the inlet and the outlet are about 10 nm to about 1000 nm apart from each other, and wherein the first and second chambers and the middle layer are connected to a power supply. Also provided are methods of preparing and using the device, in particular for nucleic acid sequencing.

Abstract: Various methods and devices are provided for implanting a motion segment repair system. In particular, exemplary methods and devices are provided for implanting a spinal disc implant and/or a PDS device using a posterior surgical approach, including methods and devices for distracting adjacent vertebrae using a posterior surgical approach, methods and devices for posteriorly introducing a spinal implant into a disc space between adjacent vertebrae, and methods and devices for coupling a PDS device to the adjacent vertebrae to provide a complete motion segment repair system that is implanted using a posterior surgical approach.

Abstract: Various methods and devices for replacing damaged, injured, diseased, or otherwise unhealthy posterior elements, such as the facet joints, the lamina, the posterior ligaments, and/or other features of a patient's spinal column, are provided. In one exemplary embodiment, the methods and devices are effective to mimic the natural function of the spine by allowing flexion, extension, and lateral bending of the spine, while substantially restricting posterior-anterior shear and rotation of the spine.