Abstract: A controlled impedance power and distribution network wherein -x- and -y- direction planes of interpositioned power and signal conductors with a dielectric layer between planes and separating each plane from a ground plane are assembled. The network provides the ability to distribute many power levels with all power and signal conductors electrically referenced to ground along their length and each signal conductor also electrically referenced to its respective power level along its length. The network is of particular advantage in the TFM technology in distributing multiple power levels with fewer layers.

Abstract: A heat control and interface stress control principle for a material in which a piezoelectric member is positioned in contact with an interface of the material so that a heat generated expansion of the material generates a piezoelectric signal that controls a thermoelectric cooler in contact with the piezoelectric member.