Abstract: Data related to changes in real-world geography are collected promptly for incorporating into a geographic database. Query strings are created using keywords targeted to detect data related to changes in real-world geography. Automatic Web search technology is utilized to search the World Wide Web for instances that match the created query strings. References to Web pages, references to Web pages accompanied by brief abstracts, Web pages, and hard copies of documents by mail are automatically collected that potentially refer to changes in real-world geography.

Abstract: Novel bis(2-fluoro-2,2-dinitroethyl)thionocarbonate, ##STR1## is prepared from two moles of 2-fluoro-2,2-dinitroethanol and two equivats of a strong hydroxyl ion source such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide in water and one mole of thiophosgene in an organic solvent which may be methylene chloride, chloroform, or 1,2-dichloroethane. A phase transfer catalyst which may be benzyltriethylammonium chloride, tetrabutylammonium chloride, didodecyldimethylammonium bromide, or cetyltrimethylammonium chloride is used to transfer 2-fluoro-2,2-dinitroethoxy ions formed in the water phase to the organic solvent phase where they react with the thiophosgene to form the bis(2-fluoro-2,2-dinitroethyl)thionocarbonate. Bis(2-fluoro-2,2-dinitroethyl)thionocarbonate is useful as an energetic explosive.