Abstract: The present invention describes polynucleotides and polypeptides associated with PPAR&agr;-mediated pathways that are useful as therapeutic compositions in method for the treatment of peroxisomal disorders. These polynucleotides and polypeptides were identified through the use of differential gene expression analysis. In particular, the present invention discloses eleven novel gene fragments, and numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms, located in previously disclosed genes, all of which have been discovered to be associated with PPAR&agr;-mediated pathways.

Abstract: A sterile preparation of synthetic erythrocytes consisting of hemoglobin fraction encapsulated within water-immiscible amphiphylic membranes provides a total hemoglobin of at least about 12 gm percent at a hematocrit of 50%. A lipid composition is prepared and dispersed by agitation in a sterile, stroma-free 30-45 gram percent hemoglobin fraction. The dispersion is pressurized to between about 400 to about 900 kg/cm.sup.2, and the pressure is substantially instantaneously released by passing the mixture to a lower pressure region through an orifice having an area of between about 0.1 and about 10.0 mm.sup.2, thereby forming the synthetic erythrocytes. The preparation is filtered through a filter which passes particles having a diameter less than about 0.22 micron to eliminate any monocellular organisms that may be present and to eliminate larger synthetic erythrocytes.