Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods to treat diabetes with improved formulations in which metformin is combined with at least three antioxidants that contain a stabilizing heteroatom adjacent to a saturated carbon and which help maintain a balance between antioxidant and pro-oxidant properties. The antioxidants include at least the combination of taurine, citrulline and methylcobalamin, and optionally include melatonin. The composition provides management of blood glucose levels comparable to metformin in the same dose without antioxidants, without the phenomenon of undermining metformin performance that is commonly observed in the presence of co-administered antioxidants.

Abstract: Described herein are compositions and methods to treat and prevent development of prediabetes. In particular, the present invention has discovered that combining certain diverse types of antioxidants yields synergistic and surprising effects against prediabetes. These antioxidant types include: heteroatom-based antioxidants from a particular chemical structural antioxidants with a conjugated segment of alternating single and double bonds; antioxidants with a disulfide bond; and antioxidants having a flavan-3-ol skeleton. It has further been discovered that it is beneficial to include one or more antioxidants that facilitates an oxidative balance.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods to treat prediabetes. In particular, the invention has discovered that particular combinations of diverse types of antioxidants have synergistic and surprising effects for use against prediabetes. The diverse types of antioxidants include: antioxidants that comprise stabilizing heteroatoms; antioxidants with conjugated segments of alternating single and double bonds; antioxidants with disulfides; and antioxidants with phenolic groups. In particularly useful embodiments one or more of the antioxidants that comprise stabilizing heteroatoms have pro-oxidant effects, e.g., in the liver.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods to treat diabetic neuropathies. In particular the invention has discovered that, in combination with a folic compound, particular combinations of two types of additional antioxidants have complementary effects for use against diabetic neuropathies. These include antioxidants that comprise stabilizing heteroatoms and antioxidants with an extended conjugated segment, where at least one of the antioxidants that comprises a stabilizing heteroatom also has pro-oxidant effects.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods to treat diabetes with improved formulations in which metformin is combined with at least three antioxidants that contain a stabilizing heteroatom adjacent to a saturated carbon and which help maintain a balance between antioxidant and pro-oxidant properties. The antioxidants include at least the combination of taurine, citrulline and methylcobalamin, and optionally include melatonin. The composition provides management of blood glucose levels comparable to metformin in the same dose without antioxidants, without the phenomenon of undermining metformin performance that is commonly observed in the presence of co-administered antioxidants.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods to treat diabetic neuropathies. In particular the invention has discovered that, in combination with a folic compound, particular combinations of two types of additional antioxidants have complementary effects for use against diabetic neuropathies. These include antioxidants that comprise stabilizing heteroatoms and antioxidants with an extended conjugated segment, where at least one of the antioxidants that comprises a stabilizing heteroatom also has pro-oxidant effects.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods to treat diabetes with improved formulations in which metformin is combined with at least three antioxidants that contain a stabilizing heteroatom adjacent to a saturated carbon and which help maintain a balance between antioxidant and pro-oxidant properties. The antioxidants include at least the combination of taurine, citrulline and methylcobalamin, and optionally include melatonin. The composition provides management of blood glucose levels comparable to metformin in the same dose without antioxidants, without the phenomenon of undermining metformin performance that is commonly observed in the presence of co-administered antioxidants.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods to treat diabetic neuropathies. In particular, the invention provides combinations of at least two types of antioxidants have complementary effects for use against diabetic neuropathies. The two types of antioxidants include: antioxidants that comprise stabilizing heteroatoms and antioxidants with extended conjugated segments in a ring structure. At least one of each type of provided antioxidant has a pro-oxidative or conditionally pro-oxidative effect.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods to treat diabetic neuropathies. In particular, the invention provides combinations of at least two types of antioxidants have complementary effects for use against diabetic neuropathies. The two types of antioxidants include: antioxidants that comprise stabilizing heteroatoms and antioxidants with extended conjugated segments in a ring structure. At least one of each type of provided antioxidant has a pro-oxidative or conditionally pro-oxidative effect.

Abstract: The invention provides pharmaceutical compositions having improved effects and synergistic efficacy against pain, and provides methods for their use to treat pain, wherein the composition comprises: a sulfur-containing amino acid; a carnitine compound; and at least one compound that is a L-citrulline compound or a beta-alanine compound.

Abstract: The invention provides topical compositions and methods to treat diabetic neuropathies. Compositions of the invention comprise: aqueous solvent mixtures; natural polyamides comprising large amounts of small amino acid residues; compounds characteristic of biosynthesis and metabolism of L-carnitine, carnosine, vitamin D3, vitamin B5 and vitamin B6; purines and their decomposition compounds; and coenzyme Q10.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods to treat diabetic neuropathies. In particular the invention has discovered that, in combination with a folic compound, particular combinations of two types of additional antioxidants have complementary effects for use against diabetic neuropathies. These include antioxidants that comprise stabilizing heteroatoms and antioxidants with an extended conjugated segment, where at least one of the antioxidants that comprises a stabilizing heteroatom also has pro-oxidant effects.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods to treat diabetic neuropathies. In particular, the invention provides combinations of at least two types of antioxidants have complementary effects for use against diabetic neuropathies. The two types of antioxidants include: antioxidants that comprise stabilizing heteroatoms and antioxidants with extended conjugated segments in a ring structure. At least one of each type of provided antioxidant has a pro-oxidative or conditionally pro-oxidative effect.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods to treat diabetes with improved formulations in which metformin is combined with at least three antioxidants that contain a stabilizing heteroatom adjacent to a saturated carbon and which help maintain a balance between antioxidant and pro-oxidant properties. The antioxidants include at least the combination of taurine, citrulline and methylcobalamin, and optionally include melatonin. The composition provides management of blood glucose levels comparable to metformin in the same dose without antioxidants, without the phenomenon of undermining metformin performance that is commonly observed in the presence of co-administered antioxidants.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods to treat prediabetes. In particular, the invention has discovered that particular combinations of diverse types of antioxidants have synergistic and surprising effects for use against prediabetes. The diverse types of antioxidants include: antioxidants that comprise stabilizing heteroatoms; antioxidants with conjugated segments of alternating single and double bonds; antioxidants with disulfides; and antioxidants with phenolic groups. In particularly useful embodiments one or more of the antioxidants that comprise stabilizing heteroatoms have pro-oxidant effects, e.g., in the liver.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods to treat prediabetes. In particular, the inventor has discovered that particular combinations of diverse types of antioxidants have synergistic and surprising effects for use against prediabetes. The composition includes: a plurality of heteroatom-based antioxidants having the formula X—CH2—CH(R)—(CH2)m—Z; a plurality of antioxidants with a conjugated segment; an antioxidant that is a flavan-3-ol; and an antioxidant that contains a disulfide bond. The antioxidants are chosen such that at least one has a pro-oxidative effect.

Abstract: The invention provides pharmaceutical compositions having improved effects and synergistic efficacy against pain, and provides methods for their use to treat pain, wherein the composition comprises: a sulfur-containing amino acid; a carnitine compound; and at least one compound that is a L-citrulline compound or a beta-alanine compound.