Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel arrangement of denitrification reactors for removal of nitrate compounds in a recirculating aquaculture system. The novel arrangement of an aquaculture system of the present invention includes positioning one or more anaerobic denitrification reactors upstream of aerobic nitrification and degassing processes. One aspect of the present invention includes a flow of aqueous medium from aquatic species rearing tanks towards one or more denitrification reactors. Another aspect of the present invention includes flow of aqueous medium from aquatic species rearing tanks to a solids removing filter or mechanical filtration means for removal of solid waste matter or biomass prior to flow of aqueous medium towards one or more denitrification reactors.

Abstract: A calender belt for the compliant calendering of a paper web includes an endless base substrate, a staple fiber batt attached to at least the outside of the endless base substrate, and a polymeric resin material totally impregnating the fiber/base composite structure comprising the endless base substrate and the staple fiber batt to a substantially uniform depth. That depth may be such that the polymeric resin material does not reach the base substrate, or partly or completely impregnates the base substrate. A layer of polymeric resin material is built up upon the staple fiber material to a predetermined thickness. Once the polymeric resin material is cured, it is ground to a desired smoothness without exposing any fiber on the ground surface.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a resin-impregnated endless belt structure having a texturized outer surface requires the use of a support structure, either a cylindrical mandrel or a pair of carrying rolls, having a texturized surface. An endless, permeable base structure is placed about the support structure, which is adapted to place the base structure under tension in a longitudinal direction. A polymeric resin material is dispensed onto the outside of the base structure on the support structure. The polymeric resin material totally impregnates the base structure and passes therethrough to coat the texturized surface of the support structure. A layer of polymeric resin material is also built up on the outside of the base structure. The polymeric resin material is then cured, and may be ground to provide the layer of polymeric resin material with a smooth, uniform surface, and the belt structure thus obtained is removed from the support structure.

Abstract: A resin-impregnated endless belt for a long nip press or calender of the shoe type, or for other papermaking and paper-processing applications, has a base fabric in the form of an endless loop with an inner surface, an outer surface, a machine direction and a cross-machine direction. The base fabric has machine-direction (MD) structural elements and cross-machine-direction (CD) structural elements in an open structure wherein at least some of the MD structural elements and CD structural elements are spaced apart from one another. The MD structural elements cross the CD structural elements at a plurality of crossing points, where they are joined to one another by mechanical, chemical or thermobonding means. A coating of a first polymeric resin is on the inner surface of the base fabric. The first polymeric resin impregnates and renders the base fabric impermeable to liquids, and forms a layer on the inner surface thereof. The coating is smooth and provides the belt with a uniform thickness.

Abstract: A calender belt for the compliant calendering of a paper web includes an endless base substrate, a staple fiber batt attached to at least the outside of the endless base substrate, and a polymeric resin material totally impregnating the fiber/base composite structure comprising the endless base substrate and the staple fiber batt to a substantially uniform depth. That depth may be such that the polymeric resin material does not reach the base substrate, or partly or completely impregnates the base substrate. A layer of polymeric resin material is built up upon the staple fiber material to a predetermined thickness. Once the polymeric resin material is cured, it is ground to a desired smoothness without exposing any fiber on the ground surface.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a resin-impregnated endless belt structure is carried out on an apparatus having an outer cylinder having an inner cylindrical surface coaxial with a smaller radius cylindrical mandrel. An endless base structure for the endless belt structure is disposed within the outer cylinder on the inner cylindrical surface. The cylindrical mandrel, having an inwardly curved nose, is then inserted into the outer cylinder forming a nip of converging geometry between the nose and the inner cylindrical surface. Polymeric resin material is dispensed continuously into the nip while the cylindrical mandrel is gradually moved completely into the outer cylinder. The nose forces the polymeric resin material into the endless base structure, and air bubbles out, while forcing the endless base structure against the inner cylindrical surface.

Abstract: A resin-impregnated endless belt for a long nip press or calender of the shoe type has a base fabric in the form of a multilayer braided structure wherein each of the constituent layers are connected to those adjacent thereto by at least one interlocking yarn to inhibit interlayer delamination. The base fabric is in the form of an endless loop, at least the inner surface of which is coated with a polymeric resin material, such as polyurethane. The polymeric resin material impregnates the structure of the base fabric, rendering it impermeable to oil and water.

Abstract: An endless impervious, oil, abrasion, and crush resistant belt for use with papermaking machinery such as presses, especially of the extended nip type for the mechanical removal of water from a web of paper including a urethane coating impregnating woven base providing a structure which is impregnated and impervious to oil, water, and air. The impregnated surface of the belt is made smooth and uniform in thickness through a grinding and polishing operation to act as a hydraulic bearing surface.

Abstract: An endless impervious, oil, abrasion, and crush resistant belt for use with papermaking machinery such as presses, especially of the extended nip type for the mechanical removal of water from a web of paper including a urethane coating impregnating a portion of a woven base providing multiple layers of base void of urethane and the portion impregnated impervious to oil, water, and air. The impregnated surface of the belt is made smooth and uniform in thickness through a grinding and polishing operation to act as a hydraulic bearing surface. The portion of the base void of urethane is capable of receiving and carrying water essential in the papermaking process.

Abstract: A belt for use on an extended nip press for dewatering a fibrous web is shown. The belt includes a base fabric having machine-direction and cross-machine direction yarns and takes the form of an endless loop. At least one of the machine-direction and cross-machine direction yarns is a spun yarns of staple fibers. The base fabric is completely coated and impregnated with a polymeric resin, such as polyurethane, to render it impervious to liquids, especially lubricating oil. The inner surface of the resulting belt slides over the arcuate pressure shoe component of the extended nip press during its operation. The outer surface of the belt is provided with grooves separated by land areas which together define channels for water pressed from the fibrous web in the press nip. The land areas are anchored to the belt by means of staple fibers from the spun yarns embedded in the coating and are not susceptible to delamination.

Abstract: Papermachine clothing is described, made up of synthetic, polymeric resin fibers which include porous fibers and filaments.

Abstract: Forming fabrics are made in multilayer construction, with a hydrophobic top layer and a hydrophilic base layer or layers. The fabric is advantageous in a forming wire, obviating rewet in a forming paper sheet.

Abstract: A forming fabric is disclosed having crimped machine direction monofilament yarns alternating with uncrimped monofilament yarns. The fabric provides optimum stability and seam strength.

Abstract: The disclosure is of a method of preparing a papermakers wet-press felt fabric, felts made therefrom and their use, as wet-press felts on papermaking machines. By the method of the invention, there is obtained a method of making a papermakers press felt of controlled porosity while at the same time maintaining a high level of void volume and permeability in a loaded nip of a paper machine press.

Abstract: The disclosure is of a composite papermakers felt made up of a textile base layer, and a surface layer of polymeric resin particles which have been fused together to form a porous covering. The felt is useful in the wet press section of a papermaking machine. The disclosure is also of a method of manufacturing the felt of the invention.

Abstract: A papermakers felt utilizing reinforced yarns and suitable weaves to provide a simulated beam structure in the crosswise direction of the fabric.

Abstract: The disclosure is of a seam construction for joining the ends of woven forming wire wet felts and dryer felt materials. The forming wires wet felts, and dryer felts are used on papermaking machines in the manufacture of paper, paperboard and the like. The seam comprises a plurality of metal and/or plastic eyepins, having body crimps adapted to permit interweaving of the pins with the crosswise yarns of the forming wire wet felt or dryer felt material ends. The pins are so interwoven and are spaced to interleaf with the pins of the opposite end. A seam pin is threaded through the eyes of the eyepins to join the ends of the forming wire, wet felt or dryer felt material together.

Abstract: A novel open weave endless dryer belt is disclosed which comprises in a leno weave, warp yarns of synthetic organic fibers and crosswise yarns of synthetic organic fibers braided over a core of glass fibers and/or metal wire. The fabric weave is then finished with a coating of a temperature resistant resin. The fabric of the invention is useful for fabricating conveyor belts employed in conveying textiles through dryers and in like applications.

Abstract: A resin-impregnated endless belt for a long nip press or calender of the shoe type, or for other papermaking and paper-processing applications, has a base fabric in the form of an endless loop with an inner surface, an outer surface, a machine direction and a cross-machine direction. The base fabric has machine-direction (MD) structural elements and cross-machine-direction (CD) structural elements in an open structure wherein at least some of the MD structural elements and CD structural elements are spaced apart from one another. The MD structural elements cross the CD structural elements at a plurality of crossing points, where they are joined to one another by mechanical, chemical or thermo-bonding means. A coating of a first polymeric resin is on the inner surface of the base fabric. The first polymeric resin impregnates and renders the base fabric impermeable to liquids, and forms a layer on the inner surface thereof. The coating is smooth and provides the belt with a uniform thickness.