Abstract: The disclosed subject matter relates to extracorporeal blood processing or other processing of fluids. Volumetric fluid balance, a required element of many such processes, may be achieved with multiple pumps or other proportioning or balancing devices which are to some extent independent of each other. This need may arise in treatments that involve multiple fluids. Safe and secure mechanisms to ensure fluid balance in such systems are described.

Abstract: An apparatus for transferring a portion of an image from the spherical focal surface of a telescope to a fixed viewing area. A spherical parallelogram type linkage has means for selectively positioning a mirror in the spherical focal surface of the telescope and constrains the mirror to move within the contour of the spherical focal surface of the telescope. The parallelogram type linkage includes means for transferring the image reflected by the mirror to a remote viewing area.

Abstract: A flexure, useful as a universal joint between two corotating members, the flexure being capable of flexing about two orthogonal axes, but providing extremely good stiffness with respect to translational forces is accomplished in a flexure in the form of a cross including two members having a cross-shaped cross-section extending along two mutually perpendicular axes, the members terminating at each end in solid pieces with the solid pieces at the end of the one member used for attachment to one of the rotating members and the solid pieces at the ends of the other member for attachment to the second rotating member.

Abstract: A unity magnification catoptric image-forming system and an illumination system on the one hand, and an object- and image-surface supporting means on the other hand, are arranged for relative movement to retain the object and image surfaces in unity magnification conjugate planes of the catoptric system while effecting a scanning-type exposure of successive portions of the image surface to successively illuminated portions of the object. Fine motion mechanisms permit accurate preliminary adjustment of the object- and image-receiving surfaces relative to each other while under visual examination with the aid of the catoptric image-forming system.

Abstract: A unity magnification catoptric image-forming system and an illumination system on the one hand, and an object- and image-surface supporting means on the other hand, are arranged for relative movement to retain the object and image surfaces in unity magnification conjugate planes of the catoptric system while effecting a scanning-type exposure of successive portions of the image surface to successively illuminated portions of the object. Fine motion mechanisms permit accurate preliminary adjustment of the object- and image-receiving surfaces relative to each other while under visual examination with the aid of the catoptric image-forming system.

Abstract: An improved apparatus for obtaining X, Y and .theta. relative motion of an object in which four links pivotally connected in a parallelogram with the object forming one link thereof is used, with means provided to rotate a first of the links while holding stationary the adjacent link to produce a Y motion, and means to rotate one of said links to thereby rotate the arrangement, in each case, the motion being accomplished with negligible cross-coupling and in a manner which permits fine adjustments of the order of a micron with no lost motion.

Abstract: An improved micro-adjustment apparatus particularly useful with optical apparatus and the like in which a mechanical advantage of the order of 25 to 1 between an adjustment screw and a drive is obtained without lost motion thereby permitting adjustments on the order of a tenth of a micron at the output. The mechanical advantage is obtained without lost motion through bending two flexture blades rigidly attached to one another at one end.

Abstract: A viewing field splitter particularly useful for simultaneously viewing two sides of an object for alignment purposes in which the two fields are obtained from microscopes mounted to pivot about the center of an arc which is illuminated. The microscope outputs are inputs to periscopes with one mirror from each periscope located on the axis of the pivot such that there is no rotation of the image and path lengths from each optical element to the point of combination of the fields are equal.