Abstract: At least one embodiment of the inventive technology focuses on a new composition that comprises hexagonally close packed molybdenum carbide crystals, in addition to metallic nickel crystals and/or sodium, and having use as a catalyst in a Fischer-Tropsch process to produce alcohol. At least one embodiment of a related aspect of the inventive technology is a Fischer-Tropsch reaction to produce alcohols from carbon monoxide and hydrogen using the aforementioned composition to catalyze reactions producing higher alcohols.

Abstract: At least one embodiment of the inventive technology focuses on a new composition that comprises hexagonally close packed molybdenum carbide crystals, in addition to metallic nickel crystals and/or sodium, and having use as a catalyst in a Fischer-Tropsch process to produce alcohol. At least one embodiment of a related aspect of the inventive technology is a Fischer-Tropsch reaction to produce alcohols from carbon monoxide and hydrogen using the aforementioned composition to catalyze reactions producing higher alcohols.

Abstract: A flash-spun material comprised of at least 90% by weight of polymers selected from the groups A, B, and C; wherein group A comprises polymers with a melting point above 280° C. that are comprised of halocarbon polymers in which at least 20% of the total number of halogen atoms in each halocarbon polymer are fluorine atoms; wherein group B comprises polymers with a melting point above 280° C. that are comprised of oxyhalocarbon polymers in which at least 20% of the total number of halogen atoms in each oxyhalocarbon polymer are fluorine atoms; and wherein group C comprises fully halogenated, highly fluorinated ion exchange polymers. A process for producing such flash-spun material and a solvent for producing such flash-spun material are also provided.

Abstract: Copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) and hexafluoropropylene (HFP) having high HFP content and end-of-melting temperature, T.sub.m (end), as low as 200.degree. C. are disclosed. Exceptional performance as a processing aid in polyolefins results from having T.sub.m (end) of the TFE/HFP copolymer close to the processing temperature of the polyolefin. These TFE/HFP copolymers are soluble in fluorinated cyclic solvents. Copolymer/solvent systems copolymer at significant concentrations in selected solvents are fluid and stable at room temperature.

Abstract: High melting point perfluorinated tetrafluoroethylene polymers dissolved in supercritical carbon dioxide at elevated temperatures and high pressures. The solutions are useful for making foams, spun-bonded or paper-like webs, or for purification of polymers.

Abstract: Perfluorinated cycloalkane solvents for dissolving high melting polymers containing tetrafluoroethylene, are disclosed. These solvents dissolve such polymers more rapidly, and/or are more stable, than previously known solvents. Also disclosed is a process for dissolution of the polymers and their resulting solutions. The solutions are useful for making polymer films, coatings and for encapsulating objects.

Abstract: Copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) and hexafluoropropylene (HFP) having high HFP content and end-of-melting temperature, T.sub.m (end), as low as 200.degree. C. are disclosed. Exceptional performance as a processing aid in polyolefins results from having T.sub.m (end) of the TFE/HFP copolymer close to the processing temperature of the polyolefin. These TFE/HFP copolymers are soluble in fluorinated cyclic solvents. Copolymer/solvent systems copolymer at significant concentrations in selected solvents are fluid and stable at room temperature.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process for dissolving high melting polymers containing tetrafluoroethylene units at pressures greater than autogenous pressure, using selected halogenated solvents that are often not solvents at autogenous pressure. Also disclosed are the solutions resulting from this process. The solutions are useful for preparing fibers and paper-like webs from these polymers.

Abstract: Ion exchange membranes or films are made from a solution of perfluorinated cycloalkanes, perfluorinated aromatic compounds and perfluorotrialkyl amines having a critical temperature greater than 150.degree. C. and certain carboxylic fluorinated polymers having an equivalent weight greater than 900. A process for repairing ion exchange membranes and films by spray coating the surface of the membrane or film with the solution is also claimed. The ion exchange membranes and films are useful in chloroalkali cells or fuel cells.

Abstract: Perfluorinated cycloalkane solvents for dissolving high melting polymers containing tetrafluoroethylene, are disclosed. These solvents dissolve such polymers more rapidly, and/or are more stable, than previously known solvents. Also disclosed is a process for dissolution of the polymers and their resulting solutions. The solutions are useful for making polymer films, coatings and for encapsulating objects.

Abstract: Perfluorinated cycloalkanes, perfluorinated aromatic compounds and perfluorotrialkyl amines having a critical temperature greater than 150.degree. C. are solvents for certain carboxylic fluorinated polymers having an equivalent weight greater than 900 and dissolve the polymers more readily and completely at low temperatures than previously known solvents. A process for dissolution of the polymers and the solutions that are formed is disclosed. The solutions are useful for making polymer films and ion exchange membranes, particularly membranes for use in chloroalkali cells or fuel cells.

Abstract: Ion exchange membranes or films are made from a solution of perfluorinated cycloalkanes, perfluorinated aromatic compounds and perfluorotrialkyl amines having a critical temperature greater than 150.degree. C. and certain carboxylic fluorinated polymers having an equivalent weight greater than 900. A process for repairing ion exchange membranes and films by spray coating the surface of the membrane or film with the solution is also disclosed. The ion exchange membranes and films are useful in chloralkali cells or fuel cells.

Abstract: Copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) and hexafluoropropylene (HFP) having high HFP content and end-of-melting temperature, T.sub.m (end), as low as 200.degree. C. are disclosed. Exceptional performance as a processing aid in polyolefins results from having T.sub.m (end) of the TFE/HFP copolymer close to the processing temperature of the polyolefin. These TFE/HFP copolymers are soluble in fluorinated cyclic solvents. Copolymer/solvent systems copolymer at significant concentrations in selected solvents are fluid and stable at room temperature.

Abstract: A process for purifying fluoropolymers by contacting them at temperatures above 140.degree. C. with a liquid perfluorinated cycloalkane. The resulting polymers are particularly useful where polymers with reduced impurities are desirable, such as in medical devices and in parts for the semiconductor manufacturing industry. The liquid perfluorinated cycloalkanes improve the adhesion of fluoropolymer to themselves and other materials.