Abstract: The present invention provides a correlation-evading commutated-element direct-current current transformer (DCCT) that offers freedom from errors caused by correlation between its commutation frequency and its input current waveform. Its commutated element, comprising a commutating switch and a current transformer generates, responsive to a commutating signal, a current in a burden, which burden generates a signal representing the DCCT input current. A drive generator generates a commutation signal that can be switched between plural frequencies. Correlation detection circuitry detects correlation between the DCCT input current waveform and its commutation frequency and issues a signal for causing the drive generator to switch commutation frequency to evade correlation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a correlation-evading commutated-element direct-current current transformer (DCCT) that offers freedom from errors caused by correlation between its commutation frequency and its input current waveform. Its commutated element, comprising a commutating switch and a current transformer generates, responsive to a commutating signal, a current in a burden, which burden generates a signal representing the DCCT input current. A drive generator generates a commutation signal that can be switched between plural frequencies. Correlation detection circuitry detects correlation between the DCCT input current waveform and its commutation frequency and issues a signal for causing the drive generator to switch commutation frequency to evade correlation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a musical instrument manual having keys that may be made of a material subject to warping and twisting, such as wood. A distal flexible suspension allows angular shifting of the distal end of each key of the manual to accomodate key warping. The flexible suspension enables angular displacement of the key lever about its distal end perpendicular to the plane of the playing surface of the key to allow the key to be played. The flexible suspension elastically opposes twisting of the key lever relative to the key bed.

Abstract: There is provided a swell or expression pedal for controlling swell shades of a pipe organ swell box or pipe chamber, audio level of a virtual pipe organ, or musical instrument expression, responsive to pedal angle relative to the force of the earth's gravity, responsive to pedal depression by a musician's foot. The musician depresses the pedal when additional sound is desired, or to engage different ranks of pipe sounds. As the pedal rotates through an angle, a gravimeter responds to the angular change of the force of gravity relative to it to produce an electrical signal, analog or digital, responsive to the angle of the pedal. This electrical signal may be used to actuate a swell shade motor, controlling sound emanation from a swell box or pipe chamber, to control the functions of a virtual pipe organ, or to control the expression of other musical instruments.

Abstract: The present invention provides a plural commutated-element direct-current current transformer (DCCT) that offers wide bandwidth together with freedom from transient disturbances caused by commutation. Plural commutated elements, each comprising a commutating switch and a current transformer each generate, responsive to a commutating signal, a current in a burden, each burden generating in turn a signal representing a DCCT input current. The commutating signal for each element is out of phase with such signals driving other commutated elements. Because of this phase difference, at any given time at least one commutated element is producing a signal free of transient disturbances from commutation. A selector switch, responsive to a selector signal out of phase with all commutating signals, connects to a DCCT output terminal only a burden signal representing the input current that is presently free of transient disturbances.

Abstract: The present invention provides, for musical instruments such as organs, action-magnets and action-magnet drivers that facilitate reduction of wiring, connections, and logic circuitry. Some embodiments of present invention provide stop action-magnets, also called SAM's, comprising integral drive circuitry and, which may further comprise additional integral circuitry. Embodiments of this invention may comprise, logic circuits such as a shift-register cells, micro-controllers, or both. Some embodiments of this invention comprise shift-cells and registers combining both SIPO and PISO functions for addressing SAM's. A single-coil SAM embodiment of the present invention may respond to signals intended to operate traditional two-coil SAM's. In another embodiment, a pipe action-magnet driver comprises logic circuitry. In yet another embodiment a pipe action-magnet comprises an integral driver that further comprises logic circuitry.

Abstract: The present invention provides, for musical instruments such as organs, action-magnets and action-magnet drivers that facilitate reduction of wiring, connections, and logic circuitry. Some embodiments of present invention provide stop action-magnets, also called SAM's, comprising integral drive circuitry and, which may further comprise additional integral circuitry. Embodiments of this invention may comprise, logic circuits such as a shift-register cells, micro-controllers, or both. Some embodiments of this invention comprise shift-cells and registers combining both SIPO and PISO functions for addressing SAM's. A single-coil SAM embodiment of the present invention may respond to signals intended to operate traditional two-coil SAM's. In another embodiment, a pipe action-magnet driver comprises logic circuitry. In yet another embodiment a pipe action-magnet comprises an integral driver that further comprises logic circuitry.

Abstract: The present invention provides a direct-current current transformer, or DCCT, yielding bandwidth from DC to several MHz. The DCCT according to this invention is a simple, open-loop, device in which flux densities occur at very low levels, avoiding difficulties occasioned by core saturation.

Abstract: The present invention provides low-power, sector-rotating, electro-magnetically and mechanically operable toggling actuator. The reluctance of the magnetic circuit of this invention is controlled to effect actuation with but little magneto-motive force and, little electrical power. The preferred embodiment of this invention provides a single-coil, sector-rotating, electromagnetically and mechanically operable toggling actuator. In this embodiment, a pivotally-mounted magnetically-permeable rotor is attracted to either of two stable rotary positions by permanent magnets affixed to a magnetically-permeable stator. A magnetic circuit between the stator and the rotor comprises an electromagnetic coil to provide magneto-motive force for toggling the rotor to a desired position responsive to the direction of electrical current through the coil. A switch may be provided for activating external circuits responsive to rotor position.

Abstract: The present invention provides, for musical instruments such as organs, action-magnets and action-magnet drivers that facilitate reduction of wiring, connections, and logic circuitry. Some embodiments of present invention provide stop action-magnets, also called SAM's, comprising integral drive circuitry and, which may further comprise additional integral circuitry. Embodiments of this invention may comprise, logic circuits such as a shift-register cells, micro-controllers, or both. Some embodiments of this invention comprise shift-cells and registers combining both SIPO and PISO functions for addressing SAM's. A single-coil SAM embodiment of the present invention may respond to signals intended to operate traditional two-coil SAM's. In another embodiment, a pipe action-magnet driver comprises logic circuitry. In yet another embodiment a pipe action-magnet comprises an integral driver that further comprises logic circuitry.

Abstract: The present invention provides, for musical instruments such as organs, action-magnets and action-magnet drivers that facilitate reduction of wiring, connections, and logic circuitry. Some embodiments of present invention provide stop action-magnets, also called SAM's, comprising integral drive circuitry and, which may further comprise additional integral circuitry. Embodiments of this invention may comprise, logic circuits such as a shift-register cells, micro-controllers, or both. Some embodiments of this invention comprise shift-cells and registers combining both SIPO and PISO functions for addressing SAM's. A single-coil SAM embodiment of the present invention may respond to signals intended to operate traditional two-coil SAM's. In another embodiment, a pipe action-magnet driver comprises logic circuitry. In yet another embodiment a pipe action-magnet comprises an integral driver that further comprises logic circuitry.

Abstract: This invention provides an oscillatory, magnetically-activated position sensor. Magnetic flux linkages between a magnet and an inductor having a magnetic core modulate the core permeability, and thus inductance, responsive to mechanical position. An electronic oscillator comprises the inductor as part of a tank circuit. The amplitude and frequency of the oscillator is therefore responsive to mechanical position. Circuitry for generating a sensor output signal responsive to oscillator amplitude, and thus to mechanical position is provided. Matrix operation of sensors is taught. A key position sensor for a musical instrument clavier is taught. A clavier key comprising plural inventive sensors invention is taught. A touch adjusting mechanism for a clavier key comprising inventive sensors is provided. A clavier piston comprising a sensor according to this invention is provided. A stop action magnet comprising a sensor according to this invention is provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides low-power, sector-rotating, electro-magnetically and mechanically operable toggling actuator. The reluctance of the magnetic circuit of this invention is controlled to effect actuation with but little magneto-motive force and, little electrical power. The preferred embodiment of this invention provides a single-coil, sector-rotating, electromagnetically and mechanically operable toggling actuator. In this embodiment, a pivotally-mounted magnetically-permeable rotor is attracted to either of two stable rotary positions by permanent magnets affixed to a magnetically-permeable stator. A magnetic circuit between the stator and the rotor comprises an electromagnetic coil to provide magneto-motive force for toggling the rotor to a desired position responsive to the direction of electrical current through the coil. A switch may be provided for activating external circuits responsive to rotor position.

Abstract: The present invention provides a direct-current current transformer, or DCCT, yielding bandwidth from DC to several MHz. The DCCT according to this invention is a simple, open-loop, device in which flux densities occur at very low levels, avoiding difficulties occasioned by core saturation.

Abstract: The present invention provides an oscillatory, magnetically-activated position sensor. According to this invention, mechanical motion changes the linkage of magnetic flux between a magnet and an inductor having a magnetic core. The resulting change of flux through the core modulates its permeability responsive to the mechanical motion. The inductor is comprised by an electronic oscillator circuit, the oscillation amplitude, and frequency, of which is thereby modulated responsive to the mechanical motion. Circuitry for detecting the oscillation amplitude, and for generating a sensor output signal responsive to the mechanical motion is provided. Matrix operation of sensors according to this invention is also taught. A key position sensor for a musical instrument manual, or clavier according to this invention is provided. A clavier key comprising plural key sensors according to this invention is also taught.