Abstract: A multifunctional gasket with compression and rotation control comprises annular sealing element(s) with specific stiffness, geometry, tightness and compressibility properties and uniquely shaped compression element(s) with variable thickness and specific mechanical properties. The gasket is designed to seal under static and dynamic fluid pressure loading for a wide range of sizes and with severe thermal differential temperatures and static and dynamic external loads. This gasket is able to significantly increase the pressure rating for leakage, ability to resist external forces and moments, resistance to thermal differentials and operating reliability of flanges in accordance with published standards, as well as enable the more efficient design of special flanges for demanding operating conditions. The gasket design also allows for easier, faster and more uniform assembly of the joint.

Abstract: A multifunctional gasket with compression and rotation control comprises annular sealing element(s) with specific stiffness, geometry, tightness and compressibility properties and uniquely shaped compression element(s) with variable thickness and specific mechanical properties. The gasket is designed to seal under static and dynamic fluid pressure loading for a wide range of sizes and with severe thermal differential temperatures and static and dynamic external loads. This gasket is able to significantly increase the pressure rating for leakage, ability to resist external forces and moments, resistance to thermal differentials and operating reliability of flanges in accordance with published standards, as well as enable the more efficient design of special flanges for demanding operating conditions. The gasket design also allows for easier, faster and more uniform assembly of the joint.

Abstract: A screen for use in distributing a fluid in a process flow system. The screen provides support, and provides for the ability to clean particulates from the screen. The screen includes profiled wires affixed to a support, where the support provides channels to distribute the fluid over the screen. The support includes spacing to improve the cleaning of particulates from the screen.

Abstract: A nozzle testing method involves testing a nozzle connection via pressurized fluid. The nozzle is subjected to both circumferential and axial tension the magnitude of which is approximately equal to that achieved in a full system pressure test. The method isolates and pressure tests a nozzle in a vessel or pipe by using a device that is inserted from the outside of the nozzle to be tested, although for some applications a restraining head may be placed from the inside of the vessel. The test devices supporting the method are capable of reacting the axial pressure thrust force with a structural member or fluid pressure bearing on the external surface of a vessel or alternatively internal to the vessel or pipe bearing on the opposite wall of the pipe or vessel. The stresses applied to the nozzle neck and attaching weld are primary stresses due to the applied pressure.

Abstract: An apparatus is shown for contacting a bed of particulate material with a cross flowing fluid, which maintains the bed of particulate material within a retention volume. The apparatus includes partitions for retaining particles, with apertures disposed within the partitions. The apertures are covered by louvers that extend above the edges of the apertures to prevent solid particles from spilling through inlet apertures. And the apparatus includes baffles to inhibit erosion of the particles by redirecting the inlet gas flow.

Abstract: A new radial flow reactor design is presented. The design includes a plurality of cylindrically shaped beds wherein the beds are sized to be nested one within another, and the beds are disposed within a housing.

Abstract: A screen for use in distributing a fluid in a process flow system. The screen provides support, and provides for the ability to clean particulates from the screen. The screen includes profiled wires affixed to a support, where the support provides channels to distribute the fluid over the screen. The support includes spacing to improve the cleaning of particulates from the screen.

Abstract: A screen for use in distributing a fluid in a process flow system. The screen provides support, and provides for the ability to clean particulates from the screen. The screen includes profiled wires affixed to a support, where the support provides channels to distribute the fluid over the screen. The support includes spacing to improve the cleaning of particulates from the screen.

Abstract: A screen for use in distributing a fluid in a process flow system. The screen provides support, and provides for the ability to clean particulates from the screen. The screen includes profiled wires affixed to a support, where the support provides channels to distribute the fluid over the screen. The support includes spacing to improve the cleaning of particulates from the screen.

Abstract: A screen for use in distributing a fluid in a process flow system. The screen provides support, and provides for the ability to clean particulates from the screen. The screen includes profiled wires affixed to a support, where the support provides channels to distribute the fluid over the screen. The support includes spacing to improve the cleaning of particulates from the screen.

Abstract: A radial flow reactor and process for reacting fluid is disclosed. The reactor includes a series of peripheral inlet distributor members which direct fluid flow radially inwardly to an annular catalyst bed. Each inlet distributor member includes an elongate body defining an interior, the body including a screen wall facing the catalyst bed; an opposing outer wall spaced radially outwardly from screen wall, an inlet to introduce fluid into the interior; and a perforated baffle wall positioned between the outer wall and screen wall. The perforated baffle wall divides the interior into a first chamber for guiding flow from the inlet in an axial direction along the elongate body and a second chamber for guiding flow radially inwardly from the baffle wall toward the screen wall. The baffle wall is effective to reduce a pressure gradient along the screen, thereby improving flow uniformity and optimizing use of catalyst material.

Abstract: An oligomerization process for the production of higher aliphatic olefins is disclosed. In the process, a liquid oligomerization feed stream comprising lighter aliphatic olefins is passed to a reactor vessel. The liquid oligomerization feed stream is transported upwardly in the reactor vessel against gravity through a fixed bed of solid oligomerization catalyst under oligomerization conditions. The catalyst has a Hammett acidity value of ?4 or less. A liquid oligomerization effluent stream is recovered comprising product higher aliphatic olefins.

Abstract: A process and arrangement for contacting a moving bed of compact particulate material, usually catalyst, with a radial flow of fluid maintains an unconfined surface of catalyst particles in place by passing fluid axially into the upper surface of the bed and maintaining radial gas flow across an inlet screen at an elevation that is above the upper most elevation of perforations for withdrawing gas flow from the particulate bed. Two vertical screens confine the bed of catalyst. Perforations cover substantially the entire length of the inlet screen. The outlet portion of the screen has perforations that end below the top of the free surface of the catalyst bed and define an upper bed portion therebetween. The inlet screen directs gas flow radially across the inlet screen into an upper portion of the bed and causes at least partial axial flow of gas through the upper portion of the particle bed.

Abstract: An oligomerization process for the production of higher aliphatic olefins is disclosed. In the process, a liquid oligomerization feed stream comprising lighter aliphatic olefins is passed to a reactor vessel. The liquid oligomerization feed stream is transported upwardly in the reactor vessel against gravity through a fixed bed of solid oligomerization catalyst under oligomerization conditions. The catalyst has a Hammett acidity value of −4 or less. A liquid oligomerization effluent stream is recovered comprising product higher aliphatic olefins.

Abstract: An oligomerization process for the production of higher aliphatic olefins is disclosed. In the process, a liquid oligomerization feed stream comprising lighter aliphatic olefins is passed to a reactor vessel. The liquid oligomerization feed stream is transported upwardly in the reactor vessel against gravity through a fixed bed of solid oligomerization catalyst under oligomerization conditions. The catalyst has a Hammett acidity value of −4 or less. A liquid saturate stream comprising paraffins is passed into contact with the feed stream and the catalyst. A liquid oligomerization effluent stream is recovered comprising the paraffins and product higher aliphatic olefins.

Abstract: An dilute phase transport riser for the contacting of particles with a gas uses redistributors along the length of the riser to prevent the formation of localized regions of high particle concentration along the wall of the riser. A series of redistributors extend transversely across the riser to redistribute the particles and the gas. The redistributor can comprise radially extended spokes or simple rectangular grates spaced at regular intervals along the length of the riser. The arrangement is particularly suited for FCC application where the catalyst tends to form pickets or streamers of catalyst that may slip backward along the length of a vertical riser.

Abstract: An FCC arrangement uses two stages upflow conduit combustion and a regenerator cyclone separator to supply catalyst particles from a dip leg directly into a downflow reaction conduit. The downflow reaction conduit provides an immediate stage of initial catalyst and gas separation at its outlet end. The arrangement and method offers an improved method of operating an FCC reactor and regeneration zone without the use of large reactor or regeneration vessels. One form of the invention also uses enlarged dip pipe conduits to provide discrete zones of catalyst stripping thereby eliminating all relatively large pressure vessels from FCC method and arrangement of this invention.

Abstract: An FCC arrangement uses two stages upflow conduit combustion and a regenerator cyclone separator to supply catalyst particles from a dip leg directly into a downflow reaction conduit. The downflow reaction conduit provides an immediate stage of initial catalyst and gas separation at its outlet end. The arrangement and method offers an improved method of operating an FCC reactor and regeneration zone without the use of large reactor or regeneration vessels. One form of the invention also uses enlarged dip pipe conduits to provide discrete zones of catalyst stripping thereby eliminating all relatively large pressure vessels from FCC method and arrangement of this invention.

Abstract: A reactor arrangement and process for indirectly contacting a reactant stream with a heat exchange stream uses multiple passes of the heat exchange stream in a transverse flow arrangement to control temperature conditions over the width and length of channels through which the reactant passes. The heat transfer coefficient may be varied by changing the number and/or the arrangement of the corrugations along the plates or adding a heat adjustment plate to a channel containing the heat exchange fluid. The reactor arrangement and process of this invention may be used to operate a reactor under isothermal or other controlled temperature conditions. The variation in corrugation arrangements within a single heat exchange section is highly useful in maintaining a desired temperature profile in an arrangement having a cross-flow of heat exchange medium relative to reactants. The corrugations arrangement eliminates or minimizes the typical step-wise approach to isothermal conditions.

Abstract: A reactor arrangement and process for indirectly contacting a reactant stream with a heat exchange stream uses an arrangement of corrugated heat exchange plates and a plate containing protrusions between the corrugated plates to control temperature conditions by varying the number and/or the projection of the protrusions between the plates. The reactor arrangement and process of this invention may be used to operate a reactor under isothermal or other controlled temperature conditions. The variation in protrusion arrangements within a single heat exchange section is highly useful in maintaining a desired temperature profile in an arrangement having a cross-flow of heat exchange medium relative to reactants. The protrusion arrangement offers a simplified method to eliminate or minimize the typical step-wise approach to isothermal conditions.