Abstract: A non-aqueous route and process for preparation of boron nitride utilizing aerosol assisted vapor phase synthesis (AAVS) wherein boron precursors are nitrided in one or two heating steps, and wherein a boron oxide nitride carbide intermediary composition is formed after the first heating step and may be further nitrided to form resultant spheroidal boron nitride powders including spheroidal particles that are smooth, bladed, have protruding whiskers, and are of turbostratic or hexagonal crystalline structure, specifically wherein the boron precursor is dissolved in a non-aqueous solution prior to aerosolization.

Abstract: An organoboron route and process for preparation of boron nitride utilizing aerosol assisted vapor phase synthesis (AAVS) wherein organoboron precursors are nitrided in one or two heating steps, and wherein a boron oxide nitride intermediary composition is formed after the first heating step and may be further nitrided to form resultant spheroidal boron nitride powders including spheroidal particles that are smooth, bladed, have protruding whiskers, and are of turbostratic or hexagonal crystalline structure.

Abstract: Method for producing metallic particles. The method converts metallic nanoparticles into larger, spherical metallic particles. An aerosol of solid metallic nanoparticles and a non-oxidizing plasma having a portion sufficiently hot to melt the nanoparticles are generated. The aerosol is directed into the plasma where the metallic nanoparticles melt, collide, join, and spheroidize. The molten spherical metallic particles are directed away from the plasma and enter the afterglow where they cool and solidify.

Abstract: Method for producing metallic nanoparticles. The method includes generating an aerosol of solid metallic microparticles, generating non-oxidizing plasma with a plasma hot zone at a temperature sufficiently high to vaporize the microparticles into metal vapor, and directing the aerosol into the hot zone of the plasma. The microparticles vaporize in the hot zone to metal vapor. The metal vapor is directed away from the hot zone and to the plasma afterglow where it cools and condenses to form solid metallic nanoparticles.

Abstract: Method for producing metallic particles. The method converts metallic nanoparticles into larger, spherical metallic particles. An aerosol of solid metallic nanoparticles and a non-oxidizing plasma having a portion sufficiently hot to melt the nanoparticles are generated. The aerosol is directed into the plasma where the metallic nanoparticles melt, collide, join, and spheroidize. The molten spherical metallic particles are directed away from the plasma and enter the afterglow where they cool and solidify.

Abstract: An organoboron route and process for preparation of boron nitride utilizing aerosol assisted vapor phase synthesis (AAVS) wherein organoboron precursors are nitrided in one or two heating steps, and wherein a boron oxide nitride intermediary composition is formed after the first heating step and may be further nitrided to form resultant spheroidal boron nitride powders including spheroidal particles that are smooth, bladed, have protruding whiskers, and are of turbostratic or hexagonal crystalline structure.

Abstract: The present invention involves a process and system for producing spherical BNxOy particles that are converted to crystalline BN. The process involves adding a boron compound to an aqueous solution, creating an aerosol spray from the solution in the form of aerosol droplets using an aerosol generator. The aerosol droplets are fed with an inert carrier gas into a heated furnace at a preset flow rate while simultaneously injecting a gaseous nitriding agent into the heated furnace in a direct proportion to the flow rate of the carrier gas containing the aerosol droplets whereby a precursor of spherically shaped BNxOy particles are formed which are further heat treated into particles of spherically shaped BN having a turbostratic or hexagonal structure.

Abstract: A pigmented vinyl chloride composition is provided which has a whitening and opacifying package comprising titanium dioxide and a titanium dioxide replacement/extender. The replacement/extender replaces up to 30 percent by weight of the titanium dioxide and yet maintains one or more selected optical property as if the whitening and opacifying package were pure titanium dioxide. These optical properties include the Yellowness Index, the DE* value and the percentage light transmittance. The extender is one or more of an alkaline earth metal titanate, lanthanide titanate, or aluminum titanate.

Abstract: Disclosed are polyvinyl chloride and polyvinyl chloride type compositions using a titanium dioxide based whitening/opacifying package containing up to about 30 percent by weight of an aluminosilicate composition. In the whitening/opacifying package the aluminosilicate composition acts as a replacement for the same amount by weight of titanium dioxide. The whitening/opacifying package achieves a measure of overall appearance (DE* value), a Yellowness Index, and a percentage of light transmitted (opacity) which are substantially comparable or superior to those achieved by the same weight of pure titanium dioxide.

Abstract: Corrosion of ferrous metal and aluminum surfaces, in particular, is inhibited by a layer of an organic-metallic complex of a polyamine with a (i) metal oxide, or (ii) metallate ion, or (iii) water-soluble metallate salt, in aqueous systems having a pH greater than about 7. The polyamine contains at least four (4) amine groups, two of which are secondary amine groups. The effect of the N atoms stretched over the length of the polyamine produces a "caging effect"0 which immobilizes the oxide, or metallate ions, thus forming the protective layer. The organic-metallic complex deposited on the metal's surface forms the "amine-metallic" layer which may be either an "amine-metal oxide complex" which is a coordination complex, or, an "amine-metallate complex". The amine-metallate complex may be either an ionic complex of "amine.

Abstract: An alkane is reacted with oxygen and available chlorine in the presence of a solid solution catalyst containing iron cations to yield unsaturated hydrocarbons and chlorinated saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons. In a preferred embodiment of the process, ethane is reacted with oxygen and available chlorine in the presence of a solid solution catalyst containing iron cations to yield vinyl chloride, ethylene, and other valuable by-products. The conversion of ethane to products approaches 100 percent, vinyl chloride is prepared in up to 40 mole percent yield, and the combined yield of vinyl chloride, ethylene dichloride, ethyl chloride, and ethylene is up to 90 mole percent.

Abstract: An alkane is reacted with oxygen and available chlorine in the presence of a solid solution catalyst containing iron cations to yield unsaturated hydrocarbons and chlorinated saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons. In a preferred embodiment of the process, ethane is reacted with oxygen and available chlorine in the presence of a solid solution catalyst containing iron cations to yield vinyl chloride, ethylene, and other valuable by-products. The conversion of ethane to products approaches 100 percent, vinyl chloride is prepared in up to 40 mole percent yield, and the combined yield of vinyl chloride, ethylene dichloride, ethyl chloride, and ethylene is up to 90 mole percent.

Abstract: Tridodecylammonium molybdates having the empirical formula[(C.sub.12 H.sub.25).sub.3 NH].sub.a Mo.sub.b O.sub.cwhere a, b and c are (2,6,19); (6,7,24) or (4,8,26) are disclosed as novel amine molybdates which are useful as smoke retardant additives for vinyl chloride polymer compositions.

Abstract: Dimethyldioctadecylammonium molybdates having the empirical formula?(CH.sub.3).sub.2 (C.sub.18 H.sub.37).sub.2 N!.sub.a Mo.sub.b O.sub.cwhere a, b and c are (2, 6, 19); (6, 7, 24) or (4, 8, 26) are disclosed as novel amine molybdates which are useful as smoke retardant additives for vinyl chloride polymer compositions.

Abstract: Tetrapentylammonium molybdates having the empirical formula[(C.sub.5 H.sub.11).sub.4 N].sub.a Mo.sub.b O.sub.c H.sub.dwhere a, b and c are (2,2,7); (3,5,17); (2,6,19); (6,7,24) or (4,8,26) and d is O or 1 are disclosed as novel amine molybdates which are useful as smoke retardant additives for vinyl chloride polymer compositions.

Abstract: Didodecyldimethylammonium molybdates having the empirical formula[(CH.sub.3).sub.2 (C.sub.12 H.sub.25).sub.2 N].sub.a Mo.sub.b O.sub.cwhere a, b and c are (2,6,19); (6,7,24) or (4,8,26) are disclosed as novel amine molybdates which are useful as smoke retardant additives for vinyl chloride polymer compositions.

Abstract: Amine molybdates are formed by reacting an amine with a molybdenum compound in a reaction mixture comprised of at least two immiscible liquid materials, one of which is an aqueous phase and another of which is a volatile organic solvent in which the amine molybdate to be formed is readily soluble. An inorganic or organic acid desirably is added to the reaction mixture.

Abstract: Tri(tridecyl)ammonium molybdates having the empirical formula[(C.sub.13 H.sub.27).sub.3 NH].sub.a Mo.sub.b O.sub.cwhere a, b and c are (2,6,19); (4,8,26) or (6,7,24) are disclosed as novel amine molybdates which are useful as smoke retardant additives for vinyl chloride polymer compositions.

Abstract: Trioctylammonium molybdates having the empirical formula[(C.sub.8 H.sub.17).sub.3 NH].sub.a Mo.sub.b O.sub.cwhere a, b and c are (2, 6, 19); (6, 7, 24) or (4, 8, 26) are disclosed as novel amine molybdates which are useful as smoke retardant additives for vinyl chloride polymer compositions.

Abstract: Methyltricaprylammonium molybdates having the empirical formula[CH.sub.3 (C.sub.8 H.sub.17).sub.3 N].sub.a Mo.sub.b O.sub.c H.sub.dwhere a, b and c are (2,1,4); (2,2,7); (3,5,17); (2,6,19); (4,8,26) or (6,7,24) and d is 0 or 1 are disclosed as novel amine molybdates which are useful as smoke retardant additives for vinyl chloride polymer compositions.