Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell is disclosed. The solid oxide fuel cell comprises an electrolyte disposed between and in ionic communication with a first electrode and a second electrode to form an electrochemical cell. At least one spacer is disposed in contact with the electrochemical cell. A mat is disposed adjacent to the spacer. A method for making a solid oxide fuel cell is also disclosed.

Abstract: A NOx control for an exhaust is provided. The NOx control includes a nickel compound and a NOx adsorber. The NOx adsorber is suitable for a high oxygen content exhaust, such as an exhaust from a compression-ignition engine or a lean-burn spark-ignition engine having oxygen content greater than about 1 molar % based on the total exhaust. Systems for treating an exhaust gas are also provided, including use of a non-thermal plasma reactor and a NOx control, or use of a first non-thermal plasma reactor, a particulate trap, a second non-thermal plasma reactor, and a NOx control. Additionally, methods for forming a NOx control are also described, comprising either mixing, milling, or sintering a nickel compound integrally with a NOx adsorber, or processing a nickel compound with a NOx adsorber by mixing, milling, or sintering, washcoating, imbibing, impregnating, physisorbing, chemisorbing, precipitating, vapor depositing, or any combination of at least one of the foregoing processing techniques.

Abstract: A spark plug electrode is disclosed. The electrode comprises, based upon the total weight of the electrode, about 83 wt. % to about 96.8 wt. % copper, about 3.0 wt. % to about 9.0 wt. % chromium, and about 0.2 wt. % to about 8.0 wt. % niobium. A spark plug is also disclosed. The spark plug comprises a shell disposed in contact with an insulator body. A center electrode is disposed at a lower end of the insulator body. A side electrode is also disposed at a lower end of the shell. This side electrode is coaxially aligned with the center electrode. At least one of the center electrode and the side electrode comprises a core composition of about 83 wt. % to about 96.8 wt. % copper, about 3.0 wt. % to about 9.0 wt. % chromium and about 0.2 % to about 8.0 % niobium, based upon the total weight of the composition. A resistor section is also disposed in electrical communication with the center electrode.

Abstract: The torch jet spark plug comprises a shell with an insulator body concentrically disposed within at least a portion of the shell. A pre-chamber is concentrically disposed within at least a portion of the shell and at least a portion of the insulator body, the pre-chamber having an orifice disposed at a first end of the pre-chamber and at an insulator body first end. On at least a portion of a pre-chamber internal surface is an inner electrode comprising up to about 75 vol. % of a bonding agent, about 20 vol. % or greater of a catalytically active material, and about 5 vol. % or greater of a transition metal material. At least partially disposed within a second end of the insulator body, opposite the insulator body first end is an upper terminal. Finally, an upper electrode is disposed within the insulator body, between the inner electrode and the upper terminal, and in a spaced relation to the inner electrode.

Abstract: A poison resistant lean NOx catalyst comprising: a protective coating of a first catalyst support material including a metal-zirconium phosphate component, coated on a second NOx occluding catalyst material.

Abstract: The sensor is formed by disposing an electrolyte between and in intimate contact with a first electrode on the one side and a second electrode on the other side to form an assembly, heating the assembly, treating the assembly with an alkaline solution and removing the impurities to obtain optimal sensor performance. Alternatively, an electrolyte is formed, sintered, treated with alkaline solution, and then the electrodes are applied.

Abstract: A resistor seal composition useful in resistor spark plugs, comprises glass, at least one metal oxide, at least one filler material, and a branched or straight chained zirconium carboxylate. The glass comprises a strontium borate glass and/or a borosilicate glass. Metal oxides include aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, and zirconium oxide. Filler materials include silicon dioxide and mullite.

Abstract: There is provided a method and apparatus for treatment of a hydrogen-rich gas to reduce the carbon monoxide content thereof by reacting the carbon monoxide in the gas with an amount of oxygen sufficient to oxidize at least a portion of the carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalyst in a desired temperature range without substantial reaction of hydrogen. The catalyst is an iridium-based catalyst dispersed on, and supported on, a carrier. In the presence of the catalyst, carbon monoxide in a hydrogen-rich feed gas is selectively oxidized such that a product stream is produced with a very low carbon monoxide content.

Abstract: An improved particulate washcoat for use on a ceramic or metallic support is disclosed for the treatment of automotive exhaust gases. The mixture consists essentially of high surface area ceria particles and alumina particles wherein the ceria particles bear copper oxide. Preferably, one of chromium oxide, manganese oxide and tin oxide are dispersed over both the ceria and alumina particles of the washcoat.