Abstract: A system for the automatic adjustment of the pressure pad holding force in accordance with the thickness of the workpiece and the forming tool stroke includes a force transducer and a displacement transducer. The force transducer is used to monitor the force between the pressure pad and the workpiece. The output of the displacement transducer is continually read as the part is being formed. The workpiece thickness and forming tool stroke are used to calculate the optimum holding force. The pressure of a fluid system is adjusted to change the holding force to the optimum value.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for training pilots in the operation of aircraft. The apparatus includes a means for generating a generally horizontal air stream mounted on movable support means. The air stream means and support means are tethered to an aircraft and their movement is responsive to movement of the aircraft during flight training.

Abstract: A system for the in press measurement of the thickness of a workpiece includes a force transducer and a displacement transducer. The force transducer is used to detect the contact between the forming tool and the workpiece. The output of the displacement transducer is continually read and recorded at the instant the force transducer indicates the contact between the forming tool and the workpiece. The output of the displacement transducer is correlated to known thicknesses and thus is indicative of the thickness of the unknown specimen.