Abstract: A method of preparing a calcium sulfonate having at least a TBN of 500 where the method comprises reacting CaO, Ca(OH).sub.2 and H.sub.2 O, and synthetic monoalkylbenzene sulfonate and synthetic dialkylbenzene sulfonate in certain molar ratios, respectively, for a sufficient length of time to produce the overbased calcium sulfonate.

Abstract: An improvement in a method of producing an ORI control additive which is the reaction product of a polybutenyl succinic anhydride and a polyoxyalkylene diamine, wherein the improvement comprises reacting solvent free the anhydride and diamine at an increased temperature and monitoring the absorbancy of the reaction product to determine the degree of reaction completion.

Abstract: In an overbased sulfonate process calcium hydroxide is formed in situ. The entire water charge and 30 to 50% of the calcium oxide is added. The temperature exotherm is observed. When the temperature ceases to rise, the remaining calcium hydroxide is added with temperature adjustment and carbonation is begun.

Abstract: A process for preparing a borated, overbased metal detergent additive for lubricants which comprises borating an overbased metal salt in the presence of a protic solvent, distilling the borated metal salt mixture to remove protic solvent and water therefrom, cooling the distilled borated mixture, filtering the cooled borated mixture, stripping the cooled filtrate and recovering the borated metal detergent additive.

Abstract: In the preparation of an overbased calcium sulfonate, it has been found that adding the calcium hydroxide during the carbonation reaction reduced solid waste. An initial charge of 15 to 25 wt % of the total calcium hydroxide is added to initiate the carbonation reaction. The balance is added by a process whereby calcium hydroxide concentration remains low in the reaction admixture to reduce amorphous calcium carbonate residence time. In the process, calcium hydroxide is added in amounts whereby the molar ratio of carbon dioxide to the sum of calcium hydroxide and calcium oxide is about 0.8.

Abstract: In the preparation of an overbased calcium sulfonate from a chloride free calcium sulfonate and calcium oxide, it has been found that 0.4 to 0.9 wt % calcium chloride improves the overbasing reaction rate.

Abstract: In the preparation of an overbased calcium sulfonate, it has been found that charging calcium oxide and the total amount of water in amount of water of 20 to 25 mole % of the calcium oxide and a calcium oxide:calcium hydroxide ratio of 60:40 before carbonation improved feedstock utilization and reduced solids. Calcium hydroxide may be mixed with the calcium oxide through it takes no part in the water requirement.

Abstract: A method for esterifying an unsweated, oil containing wax oxidate includes the use of an alcohol such as methanol and an organic sulfonic acid such as methane sulfonic acid. The use of methane sulfonic acid results in the clean separation of the ester from water which is used to wash the acid catalyst from the ester after esterification. Previously, the use of a strong mineral acid such as sulfuric acid resulted in an emulsion forming after the esterification of an unsweated oil containing wax oxidate.

Abstract: An improved method for preparing sulfurized triisobutylene whereby the sulfurization reaction is conducted in the presence of a N-halogen substituted organic promotor selected from the group consisting of N-halo aniline, N-halo succinimide and 1,3-N-dihalo dialkylhydantoin is provided.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of overbased metal naphthenates of improved clarity and filterability by reacting a mixture of an oil soluble metal naphthenate, and a metal hydroxide in a light hydrocarbon-alcohol-nonpolar diluent oil solvent medium with carbon dioxide at a temperature of 140 to 155.degree. F using a mole ratio of metal hydroxide to metal naphthenate ranging from 1:1 to 10:1 and a CO.sub.2 to metal naphthenate mole ratio of 0.75 to 1.1, allowing the mixture to stand for 1 to 100 hours; then filtering the resulting carbonated mixture and recovering the desired composition wherein the degree of overbasing of the naphthenate ranges from 1 to 10.