Abstract: A multilayer ceramic structure is formed by building up a plurality of layers by sequentially coating a substrate with a series of suspensions comprising particles in a fluid medium. A composition of the sequential layers are varied to produce a structure with the desired properties. The thickness of the layers can be controlled by Theological properties of the suspension and/or by the utilization of a gelling or coagulating agent. An advantage of this method is that complete drying between the subsequent coatings is not required.

Abstract: A spark plug insulator having high dielectric strength, high density, and an optical property that allows the passage of light.

Abstract: A network communication device including port control circuitry for controlling packet flow between the ports of the device, where the port control circuitry includes a port manager that directs packets between the ports and port bonding circuitry that bonds two or more of the ports into a bonded port set. For each packet to be sent via the bonded port set, the port bonding circuitry selects one of the bonded ports for transmitting the packet. More than one bonded port set may be defined in a given communication device, and each bonded port set may include from two ports up to all the ports of the device, as long as each port is included in only one bonded port set. One or more port bonding registers are provided to identify which of the plurality of ports are bonded in each bonded port set. In one embodiment, the bonded ports are selected on a packet by packet basis so as to achieve a relatively even distribution of packets sent by each bonded port.

Abstract: A ceramic includes alumina in an amount between about 90 and about 99% by weight, a zirconium containing compound in an amount between about 0 and about 1% by weight, and an oxide mixture in an amount between about 1 and about 10% by weight. The oxide mixture includes a glass former and a network modifier, wherein the molar ratio of the glass former to the network modifier ranges between about 0.8:1 and 1.2:1. The ceramic insulator is particularly adapted for use as an insulator in a spark plug to provide improved dielectric strength and shunt resistance of greater than one 1000 megaohms at 1000 degrees Fahrenheit, so as to reduce the shunting of the spark plug and thereby improve the quality of the spark generated by the spark plug.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for improving processor performance. In some embodiments, processing speed may be improved by reusing data stored in a buffer during an initial request by subsequent requests. Assignment of temporary storage buffers in a controller may be made to allow for the potential for reuse of the data. Further, a hot buffer may be designated to allow for reuse of the data stored in the hot buffer. On subsequent requests, data stored in the hot buffer may be sent to a requesting device without re-retrieving the data from memory.

Abstract: A memory controller retrieves data from memory before such data has actually been requested by an electrical device. The RAM controller may store such data into a prefetch buffer.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuing the operation of a fuel fired furnace when the air supply from the blower to the furnace is interrupted by employing a combination of a ventilator and drop door, the ventilator having a power source independent of the blower.

Abstract: A system and technique for detecting data errors in a memory device. More specifically, data errors in a memory device are detected by initiating an internal READ command or cleansing operation from a set of logic which is internal to the memory system in which the memory devices reside. Rather than relying on a READ command to be issued from an external device, via a host controller, the cleansing logic initiates a cleansing routine in response to an event such as an operator instruction or a periodic schedule. By implementing the cleansing operation, the system does not rely on external READ commands to verify data integrity. Further, a monitoring device is coupled between the cleansing logic and a memory scheduler. The monitoring device provides a feed back mechanism from which to vary the frequency of certain memory requests such as the cleansing and scrubbing operations. The cleansing routine may rely on typical ECC error logging mechanisms and may be used in a RAID memory architecture.

Abstract: A memory controller retrieves data from memory before such data has actually been requested by an electrical device. The RAM controller may store such data into a prefetch buffer.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for improving processor performance. In some embodiments, processing speed may be improved by reusing data stored in a buffer during an initial request by subsequent requests. Assignment of temporary storage buffers in a controller may be made to allow for the potential for reuse of the data. Further, a hot buffer may be designated to allow for reuse of the data stored in the hot buffer. On subsequent requests, data stored in the hot buffer may be sent to a requesting device without re-retrieving the data from memory.

Abstract: A network communication device including port control circuitry for controlling packet flow between the ports of the device, where the port control circuitry includes a port manager that directs packets between the ports and port bonding circuitry that bonds two or more of the ports into a bonded port set. For each packet to be sent via the bonded port set, the port bonding circuitry selects one of the bonded ports for transmitting the packet. More than one bonded port set may be defined in a given communication device, and each bonded port set may include from two ports up to all the ports of the device, as long as each port is included in only one bonded port set. One or more port bonding registers are provided to identify which of the plurality of ports are bonded in each bonded port set. In one embodiment, the bonded ports are selected on a packet by packet basis so as to achieve a relatively even distribution of packets sent by each bonded port.

Abstract: A method, applications programming interfaces (API), and mechanism for converting between JAVA classes and XML. In a file containing JAVA data representations, each JAVA class having elements to be converted to an XML representation is annotated in a manner enabling appropriate conversion processing by an API generating therefrom an XML file. The annotation enables instances of Java class objects to be converted to an XML representation and XML representations to be converted to Java class objects.

Abstract: A network communication device including port control circuitry for controlling packet flow between the ports of the device, where the port control circuitry includes a port manager that directs packets between the ports and port bonding circuitry that bonds two or more of the ports into a bonded port set. For each packet to be sent via the bonded port set, the port bonding circuitry selects one of the bonded ports for transmitting the packet. More than one bonded port set may be defined in a given communication device, and each bonded port set may include from two ports up to all the ports of the device, as long as each port is included in only one bonded port set. One or more port bonding registers are provided to identify which of the plurality of ports are bonded in each bonded port set. In one embodiment, the bonded ports are selected on a packet by packet basis so as to achieve a relatively even distribution of packets sent by each bonded port.

Abstract: A network switch includes a plurality of first network ports coupled to a first bus, a plurality of second network ports coupled to a second bus, a bridge interface enabling data transfer between the buses, a switch manager controlling the flow of network data, and a processor for performing supervisory and control functions. The first and second network ports operate according to different network protocols, and the first and second buses operate according to different bus standards. During packet data transfers across the first bus, the bridge interface emulates a first network port. During packet data transfers across the second bus, the bridge interface primarily acts as a slave to the second network ports by storing control lists for execution by the second network ports, thus relieving the processor of performing overhead functions associated with data transfers across the second bus.

Abstract: A programmable arbitration system including control logic to select one of several arbitration schemes for selecting the ports of a network switch, a memory to store priority values indicating the relative priority of each of the ports, monitor logic to monitor each of the ports and to program the priority values in the memory based on a priority scheme selected by the control logic, and arbitration logic to select a port having the next highest priority. The arbitration schemes preferably include a round-robin priority scheme, a first-come, first-served (FCFS) priority scheme, a weighted priority scheme, or any other desirable priority scheme. The monitor logic includes polling logic to periodically poll the ports and to program a priority value of each port. The memory includes receive and transmit lists to indicate of which of the ports have indicated needing service and a corresponding priority value.

Abstract: A system and technique for detecting data errors in a memory device. More specifically, data errors in a memory device are detected by initiating an internal READ command or cleansing operation from a set of logic which is internal to the memory system in which the memory devices reside. Rather than relying on a READ command to be issued from an external device, via a host controller, the cleansing logic initiates a cleansing routine in response to an event such as an operator instruction or a periodic schedule. By implementing the cleansing operation, the system does not rely on external READ commands to verify data integrity. Further, a monitoring device is coupled between the cleansing logic and a memory scheduler. The monitoring device provides a feed back mechanism from which to vary the frequency of certain memory requests such as the cleansing and scrubbing operations. The cleansing routine may rely on typical ECC error logging mechanisms and may be used in a RAID memory architecture.

Abstract: A network switch including one or more network ports for receiving and transmitting data is disclosed. The network switch also includes a processor, a switch manager, and memory. Each port includes a network interface, a data bus interface, and a processor port interface. A data bus is coupled to the data bus interface of each of the ports and the switch manager. A processor bus is coupled to a processor, the switch manager, and to the processor port interface of each of the ports. A memory bus is coupled to the memory and the switch manager. The switch manager periodically polls each of the network ports to determine the status of each port. The switch manager controls the flow of data between the network ports and memory based on the port status. The separate processor bus allows the processor to perform overhead functions, such as monitoring, determining status and configuration, without consuming valuable data bus bandwidth.

Abstract: A network switch including a plurality of network ports for receiving and transmitting data, where each port includes at least one statistics register for storing statistics information, such as Ethernet statistical and configuration information. The switch also includes a switch manager, which further includes a memory, retrieval logic for detecting a statistics request signal and for respondingly retrieving the statistics information for storage in the memory, and response logic for asserting a statistics response signal after the statistics information is stored. A processor is coupled to the switch manager through a bus, where the processor asserts the statistics request signal and then detects assertion of the statistics response signal. Upon detecting the response signal, the processor retrieves the statistics information from the memory.

Abstract: A network switch including a central memory that stores device identification information, port numbers, control information, and packet data received at the ports of the switch. The memory includes a packet section that stores packet data and a device identification section that stores identification entries, where each entry corresponds to a network device coupled to a port of the switch. The switch includes a switch manager to control data flow between the ports and the central memory. Each of the identification entries includes a unique network address to identify one of the network devices and a port number to identify one of the network ports. Each of the identification entries is located within the central memory at a hash address derived by hashing the unique network address. Hash logic receives and hashes each network address to determine a hash address, which is used to access the identification entries. The memory is organized into a chain structure to enable quick access of entries.

Abstract: A system for performing concurrent read and write cycles in a network switch. The network switch includes several network ports, a data bus and a switch manager to execute a concurrent read and write cycle on the data bus by asserting a first port number to identify a source port followed by a second port number to identify a destination port. Each of the ports includes a network interface for sending and receiving data packets and a data interface to store the first port number, to assert data received from the network interface onto the data bus if that port is identified by the first port number, and to retrieve data from the data bus for transmission by the network interface if that port is identified by the second port number. In this manner, data is transferred directly between a source and a destination port without being buffered in the switch manager. The bandwidth of the data bus is increased since data is transferred only once on the data bus.