Abstract: A token for use in a vending machine consists of a plastic card having at least one pair of side-by-side holograms embossed thereon. A token reader includes means to guide a token into the path of a readout beam. When two photodetectors positioned at predetermined spaced locations receive equal-amplitude first order beams from an illuminated pair of holograms, an electrically-operated plunger in the token reader operates to obliterate the pair of holograms on the token, and then a signal from a third photodetector in the token reader enables an output signal for operating the vending machine.

Abstract: Each one of three filters, corresponding to different primary subtractive colors of a color picture, is embossed as a relief pattern on the same side of a plastic film within a separate one of any three of four side-by-side regions into which the film is divided. This permits the film to be thrice-folded to both (1) superimpose the three filters substantially in registration with each other and (2) place the embossed side of the film within the interior of the thrice-folded film where said filters are protected.

Abstract: A standard audio cassette may be employed to provide various types of binary-coded video information, such as alphanumeric symbols and graphic elements, for display on a standard television receiver and also provide analog audio information as respective first and second components of a single composite signal applied to a suitable adaptor for inter-relating an external standard cassette player with a standard television receiver. The present invention is concerned with various improvements in the cassette recording and the adaptor.

Abstract: An article such as a plastic credit card contains concealed identifying information. The information is in the form of a series of binary information bits and it is stored in an electronic serial memory. The memory is on an integrated circuit chip imbedded in the credit card with electrical connections to two terminals on opposite surfaces of the card. The stored information bits are read out from the credit card by an apparatus which supplies current to the terminals to energize readout from the serial memory. The information bits read out are in the form of sequential variations in the current flowing to the credit card which are detected and accumulated in a shift register for utilization by a display device or a computer.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a neutron dosemeter particularly applicable to the dosimetry of fast neutrons. According to the invention there is provided a composite detector material consisting of at least two fissile elements, the fission cross-section versus neutron energy response curves of which combine to match the kerma versus neutron energy response of a known biological material.