Abstract: An alkane is reacted with oxygen and available chlorine in the presence of a solid solution catalyst containing iron cations to yield unsaturated hydrocarbons and chlorinated saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons. In a preferred embodiment of the process, ethane is reacted with oxygen and available chlorine in the presence of a solid solution catalyst containing iron cations to yield vinyl chloride, ethylene, and other valuable by-products. The conversion of ethane to products approaches 100 percent, vinyl chloride is prepared in up to 40 mole percent yield, and the combined yield of vinyl chloride, ethylene dichloride, ethyl chloride, and ethylene is up to 90 mole percent.

Abstract: Ethane is reacted with oxygen and a chlorine source in the presence of a solid solution catalyst containing iron cations stabilized with lanthanum and/or lanthanides to yield ethylene, vinyl chloride, and other valuable by-products. Conversion of ethane to products approaches 100 percent, ethylene is prepared in up to 90 mole percent yield, and the combined yield of ethylene, vinyl chloride, and ethyl chloride is up to 95 mole percent.

Abstract: Smoke retardant vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride polymer compositions are obtained by including therein a synergistic mixture of (A) at least one melamine molybdate or substituted melamine molybdate and (B) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of iron oxide, FeSO.sub.4, Fe.sub.2 (SO.sub.4).sub.3, iron (III) acetylacetonate and hydrates thereof. Substantial smoke retardation is also obtained by including the above compounds individually in the vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride polymer compositions.

Abstract: Smoke retardant vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride polymer compositions are obtained by including therein a synergistic mixture of (A) at least one melamine molybdate or substituted melamine molybdate and (B) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3, CdO, MnCO.sub.3, SnO.sub.2, Ta.sub.2 O.sub.3, TiO.sub.2, H.sub.2 WO.sub.4, ZnO, Zn.sub.2 SiO.sub.4, zinc borate, silica and hydrates thereof. Substantial smoke retardation is also obtained by including the above compounds individually in the vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride polymer compositions.

Abstract: Smoke retardant vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride polymer compositions are obtained by including therein a synergistic mixture of (A) at least one melamine molybdate or substituted melamine molybdate and (B) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of CuI, Cu.sub.2 O, CuO, CuSCN, CuSO.sub.4, Cu(II) acetylacetonate, and hydrates thereof. Substantial smoke retardation is also obtained by including the above compounds individually in the vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride polymer compositions.

Abstract: Smoke retardant vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride polymer compositions are obtained by including therein a synergistic mixture of (A) at least one melamine molybdate or substituted melamine molybdate and (B) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of nickel oxide, nickel (II) oxalate, nickel (II) acetylacetonate, and hydrates thereof. Substantial smoke retardation is also obtained by including the above compounds individually in the vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride polymer compositions.

Abstract: Amine molybdates retard smoke formation effectively when vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride polymers burn.

Abstract: Copper oxalate and amine molybdates provide an effective combination in vinyl halide polymer compositions to suppress smoke formation when vinyl halide polymers burn, without attendant adverse effects on the properties of the polymer compositions.

Abstract: Smoke retardant vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride polymer compositions are obtained by including therein a synergistic mixture of (A) at least one melamine molybdate or substituted melamine molybdate and (B) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of CoCO.sub.3, Co.sub.2 O.sub.3, cobalt (II) acetylacetonate, cobalt (III) acetylacetonate and hydrates thereof. Substantial smoke retardation is also obtained by including the above compounds individually in the vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride polymer compositions.