Abstract: A process and system for briquetting particulate matter such as moisture-containing bituminous and sub-bituminous coal includes partially drying and feeding the particulate matter to a briquetting apparatus under conditions such that water vapor is released from the particulate matter during feeding. The released water vapor substantially displaces or prevents the ingress of a large proportion of other gaseous components from the atmosphere surrounding an/or intermixed with the particulate matter. The particulate matter is surrounded by and intermixed with a gaseous component containing 70% to 100% by volume of water vapor where it enters the briquetting apparatus, such that when the particulate matter is compressed, the water vapor liquefies and the pressure buildup in the thus-formed briquettes is minimized. This reduction in the pressure buildup reduces blow-back of gases as the coal fines are formed into briquettes.

Abstract: A process and system is provided for briquetting particulate matter such as moisture-containing bituminous and sub-bituminous coal. This process includes partially drying the particulate matter and feeding, the partially dried particulate matter to a briquetting apparatus under conditions such that water vapor is released from the particulate matter during feeding. The particulate matter is passed through briquette forming rollers to form briquettes. The released water vapor substantially displaces or prevents the ingress of a large proportion of other gaseous components from the atmosphere surrounding and/or intermixed with the particulate matter. The particulate matter that is fed to the briquetting apparatus is surrounded by and intermixed with a gaseous component containing 70 to 100% by volume of water vapor at the point where it enters the briquette-forming part of the briquetting apparatus.

Abstract: A process and system is provided for briquetting particulate matter such as moisture-containing bituminous and sub-bituminous coal. This process includes partially drying the particulate matter and feeding, the partially dried particulate matter to a briquetting apparatus under conditions such that water vapor is released from the particulate matter during feeding. The particulate matter is passed through briquette forming rollers to form briquettes. The released water vapor substantially displaces or prevents the ingress of a large proportion of other gaseous components from the atmosphere surrounding an/or intermixed with the particulate matter.

Abstract: The present invention proposes a method and system for addressing the specific processing requirements which must be satisfied to successfully thermally dry sub-bituminous materials in order to raise the heating values of such materials to levels approximating those of bituminous coals. In addition, the present invention proposes a new integration of technical mechanisms to satisfy these requirements, which, in addition to being unique from an overall process perspective, incorporates several individually unique components and sub-systems. The invention further includes systems and methods for restructuring such thermally dried materials into commercially usable handleable and marketable fuel product.

Abstract: A heterogeneous metallocarborane catalyst bound to a polymeric support by a carbon-boron bond. Chloromethylated polystyrene beads provide the support. The catalytic beads are characterized as3,3-(Ph P)-3-H-4 polystyrylmethyl - 3,1,2-Rh C.sub.2 B.sub.9 H.sub.10.

Abstract: A process and system for briquetting particulate matter such as moisture-containing bituminous and sub-bituminous coal includes partially drying and feeding the particulate matter to a briquetting apparatus under conditions such that water vapor is released from the particulate matter during feeding. The released water vapor substantially displaces or prevents the ingress of a large proportion of other gaseous components from the atmosphere surrounding an/or intermixed with the particulate matter. The particulate matter is surrounded by and intermixed with a gaseous component containing 70% to 100% by volume of water vapor where it enters the briquetting apparatus, such that when the particulate matter is compressed, the water vapor liquefies and the pressure buildup in the thus-formed briquettes is minimized. This reduction in the pressure buildup reduces blow-back of gases as the coal fines are formed into briquettes.