Abstract: A telemetric measuring device for measuring physical conditions of machinery having a periodically moving part. The device generates its own power with power generator that uses the periodic motion of the machinery to move a reciprocator slug inside a coil, and thereby opening and closing a magnetic circuit and generating a continuous alternating current. This current powers a transmitter that receives output from a multi-channel switch for a number of sensors. The transmitter delivers a radio frequency signal, whose frequency is a function of the condition being measured.

Abstract: A method of using a transient NMR response signal to determine physical properties of gases, specifically calorific content and compressibility, while the gas is in-line. The amplitude of the free induction decay signal, as well as relaxation time constants, are used to identify components of a gas mixture and to determine relative composition. This data is then used to calculate calorific value and compressibility as a function of the hydrogen content of components of the gas rather than as a function of the total hydrogen content of the gas.

Abstract: In the preferred and illustrated embodiments hereof, a method and apparatus for conducting NMR moisture measurements is set forth. In various forms, hydrogen transient NMR signal peak amplitude values indicative of total hydrogen concentration of the tested material space. The hydrogen concentration is converted by a constant into water concentration. In one embodiment, a comparison is made between the NMR peak voltage of the unknown material and the NMR peak voltage from a standard sample having a specified water content to obtain a calibration for determining moisture content as a weight percentage in the tested specimen. If the densities of the two samples vary, the weights of each are necessary for accurate measurements. An alternative procedure involves determining moisture and material from the hydrogen in the water and in the material itself. In this procedure, the spin-spin relaxation T.sub.2 for the moisture is preferably more than three times longer than the T.sub.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are set forth for measuring flow velocity of an element of interest in a compound within a pipe. In the preferred and illustrated embodiment, a static magnetic field is imposed on the flowing material of interest. Preferably, a uniform field of finite width is imposed. There is a first coil around the path for imposing an RF magnetic field at right angles to the static magnetic field. There is a relationship between the flowing material including the element, frequency of the RF field and static magnetic field intensity which aligns nuclei or electrons of the element. There is a second (detection) coil spaced downstream from the first coil, the second coil also being around the pipe. By turning the first coil off or on, the NMR or EMR signal observed at the second coil can be made to change abruptly as the "tagged" element flows to the second coil. By measuring the time of travel of the element of interest evidenced by the second coil signal, the flow velocity can be measured.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for testing for cancer cells in the human breast is set forth. In the preferred and illustrated embodiment, a pendulant breast exposed to a magnetic field is tested by nuclear magnetic resonant (NMR). The magnetic field is varied to provide the requisite field intensity in selected segmented sections of the pendulant breast within the field. The field intensity is varied to thereby observe all of the breast extending toward the thorax cavity, obtaining test data from section after section aggregating test data from the entire breast within the pole pieces of the magnet and sufficiently therebeyond to obtain full interrogation. The NMR response focuses on hydrogen nuclei in the water in the breast region, determines the voltage proportional to the density of hydrogen nuclei and the binding of the water described by the relaxation times T.sub.1 and T.sub.2 for each binding level for water. The data so obtained in sequence is examined.

Abstract: A flow meter apparatus and method for measuring the flow, composition and heat content of coal is set forth. In the preferred and illustrated embodiment, the free or unpaired electron population of flowing coal is measured by electron magnetic resonance (EMR); the hydrogen nucleii population is measured by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). By calibration utilizing a standard specimen for a given type of coal, a profile for various types of coal can be obtained wherein measurement data is converted into an indication of the heat content typically measured in BTU per pound. This enables provision of a volumetric flow meter, a flow meter indicating flow in calorie content. This device enables integration to provide total heat content flow. Other variables describing the coal can be obtained.

Abstract: This method and apparatus are directed to baggage inspection, and more particularly, baggage inspection to locate explosives. In the preferred and illustrated embodiment, a conveyor system is utilized to transport a bag past a first magnet to achieve an initial nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) polarization of a selected element. The element in the preferred embodiment is hydrogen, it being noted that hydrogen in explosives has a long T.sub.1 and a short T.sub.2. The first magnet provides an initial polarization. The bag continues on the conveyor belt past a second magnet. The second magnet provides the measurement field intensity and a coil contains an interacting RF forming the interrogation pulses. Echos are received. In the preferred embodiment, first and subsequent second echos are received and stored. The two signals are subtracted from one another to a null. The NMR response of elemental hydrogen in compounds typified by explosives (having a long T.sub.1 and short T.sub.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for enhanced nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) discrimination and detection is disclosed. In the preferred embodiment, a sample which has a first atomic element is placed in a magnetic field of a first intensity. A reaction between the nuclei of the first atomic element and the electromagnetic field of the apparatus produces an NMR response which is tunable with field intensity. If the first atomic element of interest is present and intimately comingled with a second atomic element of interest, as might occur in compounds, and if the second element of interest has a nuclear quadrupolar moment and if the molecular structure conditions are proper for it to have a nuclear quadrupolar resonance (NQR), then adjustment of the magnetic field intensity varies the NMR frequency of the first element of interest to coincide with the NQR frequency of the second element of interest.