Abstract: A shingle coating asphalt composition is provided that is produced from a paving grade asphalt. The asphalt composition comprises a paving-grade asphalt that has been modified with one or more polymer additives; and a secondary additive comprising one or more of a viscosity reducing agent, a wax, a salt of a fatty acid ester, and an amide of a fatty acid. The shingle coating asphalt coating composition is used to make a shingle. The shingle includes a substrate, the asphalt, and roofing granules.

Abstract: The present invention is an assembly, system, and methods for enveloping a sleeper in a lower/higher temperature area of filtered and cooled/warmed air to promote a healthy sleeping environment. The invention maintains the environment around the sleeper between a lower temperature and an upper temperature. The invention consists of a hollow platform supporting a mattress, a cooling compressor/heat exchanger and ducting within the platform to mix the incoming and processed air before the air is blown onto the sleeping area through a plurality of louvers in a hollow headboard higher and wider than the sleeping platform. The headboard directs the air over the sleeper such that the sleeper is shielded from higher/lower temperature air in the room containing the invention.

Abstract: The present invention is an assembly, system, and methods for enveloping a sleeper in a lower/higher temperature area of filtered and cooled/warmed air to promote a healthy sleeping environment. The invention maintains the environment around the sleeper between a lower temperature and an upper temperature. The invention consists of a hollow platform supporting a mattress, a cooling compressor/heat exchanger and ducting within the platform to mix the incoming and processed air before the air is blown onto the sleeping area through a plurality of louvers in a hollow headboard higher and wider than the sleeping platform. The headboard directs the air over the sleeper such that the sleeper is shielded from higher/lower temperature air in the room containing the invention.

Abstract: A process for upgrading a solid carbonaceous material includes heating the solid carbonaceous material in the presence of a catalyst under partial pyrolysis conditions and obtaining an upgraded solid carbonaceous product, a gaseous product, and a spent catalyst.

Abstract: A classifier including a housing, a body, a vane assembly, and an outlet. The housing extends along a longitudinal axis between opposing first and second ends, and includes a lower portion provided at the first end and including an inlet, an upper portion provided at the second end and including a reclaim outlet, and an intermediate portion provided between the upper and lower portions. The body is disposed within the housing that defines a chamber therebetween. The vane assembly includes a plurality of blades and is provided between an outer surface of the body and an inner surface of the intermediate portion dividing the chamber into first and second chambers. The outlet is provided at the second end and is fluidly connected to the second chamber to allow fine particles separated from coarse particles to flow through the outlet. The reclaim outlet is fluidly connected with the second chamber and a pulverizer to allow coarse particles separated from the fluid flow to be directed back to the pulverizer.

Abstract: A method for producing a usable by-product in a cyclone reactor. The method comprises introducing a reactant into a housing of the reactor through an inlet; using a burner to combust a first portion of the reactant in an exothermic reaction provided in a flame zone near a center of the housing; consuming a second portion of the reactant in an endothermic reaction near an outer wall of the housing to produce the by-product as part of a slag layer; and removing the slag layer including the by-product though an outlet in the housing; wherein the endothermic reaction takes place at a temperature of at least 1600° C.

Abstract: A process for producing a usable product in a reactor comprising introducing co-reactants comprising a fuel source and oxygen into a first section through an inlet, the fuel source comprising carbon; combusting at least a portion of the fuel source and oxygen in an exothermic reaction in the first section using a burner; transferring the co-reactants through a second section that includes a throat having a size that is smaller than a size of the first section, such that a vacuum is induced and a velocity of the co-reactants increases; transferring the co-reactants into a third section that is downstream from the throat and includes an inner wall having a size that is greater than the size of the throat; depositing at least a portion of the uncombusted carbon and a metal oxide along the inner wall, wherein the metal oxide is introduced into at least one of the sections; converting the deposited metal oxide into the usable product in a carbothermic reduction reaction within a molten slag along the inner wall at

Abstract: A classifier including a housing, a body, a vane assembly, and an outlet. The housing extends along a longitudinal axis between opposing first and second ends, and includes a lower portion provided at the first end and including an inlet, an upper portion provided at the second end and including a reclaim outlet, and an intermediate portion provided between the upper and lower portions. The body is disposed within the housing that defines a chamber therebetween. The vane assembly includes a plurality of blades and is provided between an outer surface of the body and an inner surface of the intermediate portion dividing the chamber into first and second chambers. The outlet is provided at the second end and is fluidly connected to the second chamber to allow fine particles separated from coarse particles to flow through the outlet. The reclaim outlet is fluidly connected with the second chamber and a pulverizer to allow coarse particles separated from the fluid flow to be directed back to the pulverizer.

Abstract: A cyclone reactor for producing a usable by-product as part of a recoverable slag layer, the reactor comprising a housing having an outer wall that defines a combustion chamber; an inlet configured to introduce a reactant into the reactor; a burner configured to combust the reactant in a flame zone near a central axis of the chamber; and an outlet configured to provide for the removal of the usable by-product from the housing; wherein the reactor is configured to combust a first portion of the reactant in an exothermic reaction in the flame zone; and wherein the reactor is configured to convert a second portion of the reactant in an endothermic reaction near the outer wall to produce the by-product as part of the slag layer.

Abstract: An axial classifier for separating the particles of a fluid flow based on the size of the particles. The classifier includes an inlet pipe having a first end and a second end wherein the first end receives the fluid flow from another device and the second end outputs the fluid flow, a reclaim pipe having an opening configured to receive the particles separated from the fluid flow, a reflecting cover provided above the inlet pipe for redirecting the fluid flow exiting the inlet pipe toward the reclaim pipe, and a housing forming a chamber for the fluid flow to flow therein, wherein the housing includes an opening for the fluid flow to exit the classifier. The second end of the inlet pipe is provided above the opening of the reclaim pipe, wherein the particles of the fluid flow are separated in the chamber after existing the reflecting cover.

Abstract: A machine for marking idicia on small articles of manufacture by means of a laser. Strips of articles in the form of small relatively flat rectangular plate like members are held together in side by side relation in a common plane in plate like frames. The strips are stacked in magazines. The machine has an indexing turret with eight magazine supporting stations, a diametrically disposed conveyor. The full magazines of unmarked parts are loaded onto the machine at one station at the front of the machine by an operator. The full magazines of unmarked parts are then indexed to an unloading station where the lead frames are automatically unloaded from the magazine onto the conveyor where they are transferred past a laser marking station to an unloading station. The laser marker marks an indicia onto each article and the conveyor moves the lead frames to the loading station, where the stacks are reloaded onto an empty magazine.