Abstract: A method of treating the soil and turf of a golf course putting green that includes installing a gravel bed beneath the green and pumping air into the bed at a pressure such that the pressurized air is first distributed uniformly throughout the bed and then forced upwardly through the soil and turf of the green to treat the soil and turf.

Abstract: A treatment system for aerating, cooling and heating or draining a site such as a golf course green or a playing field. A mobile blower can be connected and disconnected with an underground duct network situated under the site through a suitable valving arrangement so that one blower can be used in servicing a number of sites.

Abstract: A system for treating the soil and turf having a prescribed subsoil profile that includes a duct network located in the subsoil region having openings that are in communication with the subsoil profile. A supply line is arranged to connect the duct network with a blower that provides low pressure, high volume air to the duct network so that the air is pushed upwardly through the subsoil profile to provide either heating or cooling to the soil and turf. A ground surface heat exchanger is positioned between the blower and the supply line for transferring energy between the earth and the air moving into the duct network. Other materials for treating the soil may be added to the air flow by a pressurized system. The blower flow is reversible whereby excess moisture can be removed from the green.

Abstract: A treatment system for aerating, cooling and heating or draining a site such as a golf course green or a playing field. A mobile blower can be connected and disconnected with an underground duct network situated under the site through a suitable valving arrangement so that one blower can be used in servicing a number of sites.

Abstract: Apparatus for treating the soil of a grass playing field that includes a piping system containing perforated pipe lines seated in a distribution bed beneath the soil of the playing field. A blower having a discharge port and a suction port is selectively connected to the duct networks to either pump air upwardly or draw air downwardly through the soil profile. A separator is connected in the air supply line of the system for removing water from the air stream moving between the blower and the duct network. The removed water is collected in a holding tank for recycling, or disposed of in an environmentally safe manner.

Abstract: A system for treating the soil and turf having a prescribed subsoil profile that includes a duct network located in the subsoil region having openings that are in communication with the subsoil profile. A supply line is arranged to connect the duct network with a blower that provides low pressure, high volume air to the duct network so that the air is pushed upwardly through the subsoil profile to provide either heating or cooling to the soil and turf. A ground surface heat exchanger is positioned between the blower and the supply line for transferring energy between the earth and the air moving into the duct network. Other materials for treating the soil may be added to the air flow by a pressurized system. The blower flow is reversible whereby excess moisture can be removed from the green.

Abstract: A wide angle trapezoidal periscope is disclosed having an upper trapezoidal housing and a smaller lower trapezoidal housing secured to said upper housing having optics sealed therein which include parallel upper and lower windows and parallel upper and lower mirrors. When used on military vehicles, the lower trapezoidal periscope housings are inserted within evenly and closely spaced trapezoidal openings in the rim of a hatch and are secured to the hatch with corner connectors to clamp non-parallel walls of said upper housings within about 1/8 of an inch of the adjacent non-parallel walls of the next adjacent trapezoidal housing. Each periscope provides a vertical field of view of about 43.degree. and a horizontal field of view of about 140.degree..