Abstract: A femoral shaft surgical rasp for use in performing total and sub-total hip prosthesis surgery to form an elongated canal in an amputated femur shaft for reception of an elongated shank portion of a femoral prosthesis component to be fixed in the canal. The rasp has an elongated handle portion and an elongated working blade portion extending integrally from the handle portion which is a substantial replica of the shank prosthesis component in lateral profile and front and rear elevation. The shank has transverse cross-sections forming a concave sided closed figure based on rectangles corresponding to the rectangular cross-section of the prosthesis shank with four corner edges provided with cutting prominences located at the corners of the basic rectangle and concave side surfaces extending between pairs of corner edges to confine the cutting action of the rasp on the femur to the portions in confronting abutment with said longitudinal edges.