Abstract: An ultra-high temperature optical method incorporates speckle optics for sensing displacement and strain measurements well above conventional measurement techniques. High temperature pattern materials are used which can endure experimental high temperature environments while simultaneously having a minimum optical aberration. A purge medium is used to reduce or eliminate optical distortions and to reduce, and/or eliminate oxidation of the target specimen.

Abstract: An ultra-high temperature optical method incorporates speckle optics for sensing displacement and strain measurements well above conventional measurement techniques. High temperature pattern materials are used which can endure experimental high temperature environments while simultaneously having a minimum optical aberration. A purge medium is used to reduce or eliminate optical distortions and to reduce, and/or eliminate oxidation of the target specimen.

Abstract: The apparatus comprises a chilling implement and a shaving implement. The chilling implement comprises a body with a roller at each end and containing a supply of shaving gel which is dispensed onto one of the rollers. The shaving implement comprises a drive unit and a plurality of cutting edges arranged in a flat plane when at rest. The edges can be deflected out of the plane linearly and perpendicularly to the plane or rockably about axes parallel to the plane and perpendicular to the cutting edges. The apparatus is spring loaded to return the edges to the plane. In refined embodiments the assemblies holding the cutting edges are pivotally attached to allow each assembly to also rock on an axis parallel to the cutting edges and the cutting edge assemblies are springably interconnected so that the plane of the cutting edges can be flat or twisted in either direction about an axis parallel to the plane. The shaving implement also comprises a roller with its axis parallel to the at-rest cutting edges.