Abstract: The invention concerns single and multiple cell lithium ion batteries. Embodiments of the invention concern single and multiple cell lithium ion batteries with built-in controllers that monitor the cell or cells and provide a safety disconnect when certain monitored conditions are detected by the controller. Preferred embodiment single and multiple cell lithium ion batteries have their cell or cells within a container having a positive terminal and a negative terminal. The built-in controller monitors the cell or cell for each of the following conditions: over temperature, short-circuit, overcharge, and over-discharge and the controller provides a safety disconnect when one of the monitored conditions exist.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for upgrading imaging systems to accommodate replacement cameras. Replacement camera may be film-based or digital. Computing device with specialized software manages image acquisition. Parametric data, date, time and location of image acquisition may all be stored with image on computer readable media.

Abstract: A method and hardware kit to upgrade application-specific optical instruments. The upgrade facilitates replacement of the photographic element normally supplied by the manufacturer of an optical instrument with a commercially available camera.