Abstract: A cryostat apparatus including a cooler configured to cool a cryogenic fluid. The cooler includes a cooler chamber disposed about a cooler axis. A magnet assembly is in thermodynamic communication with the cooler and is disposed about a magnet axis offset from the cooler axis. The magnet assembly includes a magnet housing and first and second annular magnet coils disposed about the magnet axis within the magnet housing. A viewing chamber is at least partially located between the first and second magnet coils, such that the magnet axis and a viewing axis perpendicular to the magnet axis both pass through the viewing chamber, with the viewing axis extending between the first and second magnet coils. The first annular magnet coil includes a first conical surface disposed about the magnetic axis and having minimum and maximum peripheries, the minimum periphery being disposed adjacent the viewing chamber.

Abstract: In a solenoid magnet assembly, and a method for manufacture thereof, the magnet assembly includes a number of concentrically aligned coils, each including a winding impregnated with a resin. Each coil is mechanically restrained so as to hold the coils in fixed relative positions relative to each other when forming the magnet assembly. The mechanical restraint can be formed by annular support sections bonded to the respective coils, lugs bonded to the respective coils, or by lugs that are at least partially embedded in a crust formed on a radially outer surface of the respective windings.

Abstract: A source of side-loaded software is determined. An action may be performed in response to the determination of the source. In one case, the handling of an application on a mobile device may be based on whether the source of the application is trusted or untrusted. If a software application being newly-installed on a mobile device of a user is determined to be untrusted, installation or execution is blocked. In one approach, the determination of the source includes: determining whether a first source identifier of a first application matches a white list of source identifiers or a black list of source identifiers; and sending the first source identifier, a first application identifier, and a signature of authorship for the first application to a different computing device.

Abstract: An improved loudspeaker having pump cards that include an array of electrically conductive membrane transducers (such as polyester-metal membrane pumps). The array of electrically conductive membrane transducers combine to generate the desired sound by the use of pressurized airflow. The array of electrically conductive membranes has a total membrane area that is at least five times larger than the face area of the loudspeaker. In some embodiments, the loudspeaker includes a dynamic DC bus controller that maintains the DC bus level slightly above the inverter output (audio signal).

Abstract: A system and a method comprises a chamber configured to receive a flow of a wastewater mixture from an input. A first baffle wall forms a first channel within the chamber. The wastewater mixture flows from an input to an output of the first channel. A second baffle wall forms a second channel and a third channel within the chamber. The wastewater mixture flows from the output of the first channel to an input of the second channel to an output of the second channel to an input of the third channel to an output of the third channel. The output of the third channel is configured to direct the flow to an output from the first chamber.

Abstract: The security of network connections on a computing device is protected by detecting and preventing compromise of the network connections, including man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks. Active probing and other methods are used to detect the attacks. Responses to detection include one or more of displaying a warning to a user of the computing device, providing an option to disconnect the network connection, blocking the network connection, switching to a different network connection, applying a policy, and sending anomaly information to a security server.

Abstract: Nano-electromechanical systems (NEMS) devices that utilize thin electrically conductive membranes, which can be, for example, graphene membranes. The membrane-based NEMS devices can be used as sensors, electrical relays, adjustable angle mirror devices, variable impedance devices, and devices performing other functions.

Abstract: Nano-electromechanical systems (NEMS) devices that utilize thin electrically conductive membranes, which can be, for example, graphene membranes. The membrane-based NEMS devices can be used as sensors, electrical relays, adjustable angle mirror devices, variable impedance devices, and devices performing other functions.

Abstract: An improved compact electroacoustic transducer and loudspeaker system. The electroacoustic transducer (or array of electroacoustic transducers) can generate the desired sound by the use of pressurized airflow. The electroacoustic transducer uses a shared stator with an array of vent support fingers and metal frame instead of two stators per electroacoustic transducer.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to loudspeakers that use one or more stacks of electrically actuated cards that pump air through vents to produce sound waves in response to an acoustic signal. Each stack can include several electrostatic actuator cards that are stacked on top of each other and collectively operate to pump air through a vent to produce a sound wave. Each card may include an electrically conductive membrane that is pushed/pulled between two electrically conductive stators. As the membrane is pushed and pulled along a first axis, air is pumped through vents in a direction orthogonal to the first axis. In one embodiment, stacks of cards can be arranged in series to increase sound pressure generated by the loud speaker. In another embodiment, a single stack of cards can be driven with relatively high electric field strength to increase the sound pressure generated by the loud speaker.

Abstract: A system and a method comprise an upstream chamber is configured to receive a variable input flow of a wastewater mixture having a maximum input flow rate. A downstream chamber is adjacent to the upstream chamber. An effluent baffle wall separates the downstream chamber from the upstream chamber. An effluent flow port is located in the effluent baffle wall. The effluent flow port comprises a first orifice configured to produce a first modulated flow of the wastewater mixture from the upstream chamber to the downstream chamber, and a second orifice being positioned above the first orifice. The second orifice is configured to produce a second modulated flow having a second flow rate, wherein a combined flow rate including the first and second flow rates is less than the maximum input flow rate.

Abstract: A system and method for coordinating security components, including: determining, by an application executing on a client device, a need to perform a sharable functional task; identifying a first security component and a second security component installed on the client device and capable of performing variations of the sharable functional task, where variations of the sharable functional task are functionally overlapping and not identical; identifying a set of characteristics characterizing the first security component and the second security component; selecting the second security component as a primary security component for performing a variation of the sharable functional task based on the set of characteristics; delegating, by one or more processors, performance of the sharable functional task to the primary security component; and instructing the processors to cause functionality associated with the first security component to be at least partially suspended.

Abstract: A system and method including: determining, by a manager module, a need to determine a primary software component of a client device; identifying a first software component and a second software component of the client device; identifying a set of characteristics of the first software component and the second software component; determining that the first software component is the primary software component based on the set of characteristics of each software component, where determining the primary software component further includes comparing the set of characteristics of each software component and selecting the primary software component based on the set of characteristics with a highest priority; and instructing, by the manager module, the one or more processors to cause functionality associated with the second software component to be at least partially suspended.

Abstract: This disclosure pertains to the use of black liquors from kraft pulp mills as a source of catalysts for the thermochemical conversion of organic matter feedstocks to bio oils.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to loudspeakers that use one or more stacks of electrically actuated cards that pump air through vents to produce sound waves in response to an acoustic signal. Each stack can include several electrostatic actuator cards that are stacked on top of each other and collectively operate to pump air through a vent to produce a sound wave. Each card may include an electrically conductive membrane that is pushed/pulled between two electrically conductive stators. As the membrane is pushed and pulled along a first axis, air is pumped through vents in a direction orthogonal to the first axis. In one embodiment, stacks of cards can be arranged in series to increase sound pressure generated by the loud speaker. In another embodiment, a single stack of cards can be driven with relatively high electric field strength to increase the sound pressure generated by the loud speaker.

Abstract: A communications system and method of use thereof in which communication system includes a substrate and an array of pumps of mounted on the substrate. The array of pumps are operable for operating at a first frequency to produce sound waves at a second frequency. The first frequency is higher than the second frequency. IN some embodiments, the pumps in the array of pumps can include a first cavity having a first inlet and a first outlet, a first plurality of electrically conductive traces located within the first cavity, and a continuous sheet of electrically conductive material spaced apart from and in close proximity to the first plurality of electrically conductive traces. The first plurality of electrically conductive traces are operable for creating a first time-varying deflection in the electrically conductive material. The first time-varying deflection moves in the first cavity from the first inlet to the first outlet.

Abstract: A source of side-loaded software is determined. An action may be performed in response to the determination of the source. In one case, the handling of an application on a mobile device may be based on whether the source of the application is trusted or untrusted. If a software application being newly-installed on a mobile device of a user is determined to be untrusted, installation or execution is blocked. In one approach, the determination of the source includes: determining whether a first source identifier of a first application matches a white list of source identifiers or a black list of source identifiers; and sending the first source identifier, a first application identifier, and a signature of authorship for the first application to a different computing device.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to loudspeakers that use one or more stacks of electrically actuated cards that pump air through vents to produce sound waves in response to an acoustic signal. Each stack can include several electrostatic actuator cards that are stacked on top of each other and collectively operate to pump air through a vent to produce a sound wave. Each card may include an electrically conductive membrane that is pushed/pulled between two electrically conductive stators. As the membrane is pushed and pulled along a first axis, air is pumped through vents in a direction orthogonal to the first axis. In one embodiment, stacks of cards can be arranged in series to increase sound pressure generated by the loud speaker. In another embodiment, a single stack of cards can be driven with relatively high electric field strength to increase the sound pressure generated by the loud speaker.

Abstract: A gas-flow cryostat adapted for dynamic temperature regulation using a fluid level sensor; the cryostat further including one or more heaters coupled to various components of the cryostat. As fluid evaporates from a liquid cryogen evaporation reservoir within the cryostat, the fluid level sensor and a feedback control unit are adapted to monitor and dynamically control the level of evaporating cryogen by regulating the heaters. Accordingly, the cryostat is adapted to dynamically control temperature about a specimen region within the cryostat. The cryostat can be used in various applications, including analytical laboratory equipment for measuring various physical properties of samples. Temperature sensors are further incorporated for added control and optimization of the cryostat.

Abstract: A source of side-loaded software is determined. An action may be performed in response to the determination of the source. In one case, the handling of an application on a mobile device may be based on whether the source of the application is trusted or untrusted. If a software application being newly-installed on a mobile device of a user is determined to be untrusted, installation or execution is blocked. In one approach, the determination of the source includes: determining whether a first source identifier of a first application matches a white list of source identifiers or a black list of source identifiers; and sending the first source identifier and a first application identifier for the first application to a different computing device.