Abstract: A method for forming an enzymatic biosensor includes preparing an aqueous solution including an enzyme and photocurable components, depositing the aqueous solution on a surface of a working electrode of a substrate, illuminating the working electrode with ultraviolet (UV) light to cure the aqueous solution, and crosslinking the enzyme deposited on the working electrode with solution phase or vapor phase crosslinking after curing the aqueous solution.

Abstract: A method for forming an enzymatic biosensor includes preparing a first deposition solution comprising an enzyme, placing a substrate in the first deposition solution, applying an electrical potential to a working electrode of the substrate to deposit the enzyme on the working electrode, placing the substrate in a second deposition solution comprising electro-polymerizable monomers, and passing a current through the working electrode to polymerize the monomers to form an electropolymerized polymer layer over the enzyme deposited on the working electrode.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to stabilized insulin composition comprising a mixture of insulin species such as insulin and an insulin analog. As disclosed herein, insulin compositions comprising a mixture of insulin and insulin analog species form heterodimeric complexes having a greater stability than the homodimeric complexes formed in compositions comprising single insulin species. Consequently, the present invention provides methods for stabilizing insulin molecules, methods for identifying stable heterodimeric insulin complexes and stabilized insulin compositions.

Abstract: Methods are provided for the determination of the concentration of biological levels of polyhydroxylated compounds, particularly glucose. The methods utilize an amplification system that is an analyte transducer immobilized in a polymeric matrix, where the system is implantable and biocompatible. Upon interrogation by an optical system, the amplification system produces a signal capable of detection external to the skin of the patient. Quantitation of the analyte of interest is achieved by measurement of the emitted signal.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to stabilized polypeptide compositions. Typical embodiments of the present invention provide improved methods and materials for maintaining the stability of insulin polypeptide formulations. In particular, the disclosure provided herein teaches that the aggregation of insulin polypeptides can be inhibited by combining them with a class of compounds having the general formula A1—L1—S—L2—A2, wherein S comprises from one to seven consecutive atoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, carbon, and oxygen, wherein at least one of the atoms is a carbon atom; L1 and L2 are linking groups having from two to twelve atoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, carbon, oxygen, sulfur, and phosphorus; and A1 and A2 are carboxylic acid groups.

Abstract: Methods for reducing the electrode impedance of implantable biosensors by coating the surface of the biosensor with a uniform hydrogel which allows unimpeded water movement around the sensor are provided. The surface coatings are compositions which are biocompatible and are capable of water uptake of at least 120% of their weight, more preferably at least 200% of their weight. Upon the uptake of water, the hydrogels used in the present invention will also swell and provide a layer of water around the electrodes to which the hydrogels are attached. The hydrogels can be prepared from (a) a diisocyanate, (b) a hydrophilic polymer which is a hydrophilic diol, a hydrophilic diamine, or a combination thereof, and optionally, (c) a chain extender.

Abstract: Fluorescent biosensor molecules, fluorescent biosensors and systems, as well as methods of making and using these biosensor molecules and systems are described. Embodiments of these biosensor molecules exhibit fluorescence emission at wavelengths greater than about 650 nm. Typical biosensor molecules include a fluorophore that includes an iminium ion, a linker moiety that includes a group that is an anilinic type of relationship to the fluorophore and a boronate substrate recognition/binding moiety, which binds glucose. The fluorescence molecules modulated by the presence or absence of polyhydroxylated analytes such as glucose. This property of these molecules of the invention, as well as their ability to emit fluorescent light at greater than about 650 nm, renders these biosensor molecules particularly well-suited for detecting and measuring in-vivo glucose concentrations.

Abstract: Methods are provided for the determination of the concentration of biological levels of polyhydroxylated compounds, particularly glucose. The methods utilize an amplification system that is an analyte transducer immobilized in a polymeric matrix, where the system is implantable and biocompatible. Upon interrogation by an optical system, the amplification system produces a signal capable of detection external to the skin of the patient. Quantitation of the analyte of interest is achieved by measurement of the emitted signal.

Abstract: The present invention is a pharmaceutical composition for polypeptide which are not stably soluble. A preferred polypeptide is monomeric insulin and a preferred formulation consists of a TRIS-phosphate combination buffer, zinc; a phenolic preservative and an isotonicity agent such as glycerol.

Abstract: Methods for reducing the electrode impedance of implantable biosensors by coating the surface of the biosensor with a uniform hydrogel which allows unimpeded water movement around the sensor are provided. The surface coatings are compositions which are biocompatible and are capable of water uptake of at least 120% of their weight, more preferably at least 200% of their weight. Upon the uptake of water, the hydrogels used in the present invention will also swell and provide a layer of water around the electrodes to which the hydrogels are attached. The hydrogels can be prepared from (a) a diisocyanate, (b) a hydrophilic polymer which is a hydrophilic diol, a hydrophilic diamine, or a combination thereof, and optionally, (c) a chain extender.

Abstract: Fluorescent biosensor molecules, fluorescent biosensors and systems, as well as methods of making and using these biosensor molecules and systems are described. Embodiments of these biosensor molecules exhibit fluorescence emission at wavelengths greater than about 650 nm. Typical biosensor molecules include a fluorophore that includes an iminium ion, a linker moiety that includes a group that is an anilinic type of relationship to the fluorophore and a boronate substrate recognition/binding moiety, which binds glucose. The fluorescence molecules modulated by the presence or absence of polyhydroxylated analytes such as glucose. This property of these molecules of the invention, as well as their ability to emit fluorescent light at greater than about 650 nm, renders these biosensor molecules particularly well-suited for detecting and measuring in-vivo glucose concentrations.

Abstract: Methods for reducing the electrode impedance of implantable biosensors by coating the surface of the biosensor with a uniform hydrogel which allows unimpeded water movement around the sensor are provided. The surface coatings are compositions which are biocompatible and are capable of water uptake of at least 120% of their weight, more preferably at least 200% of their weight. Upon the uptake of water, the hydrogels used in the present invention will also swell and provide a layer of water around the electrodes to which the hydrogels are attached. The hydrogels can be prepared from (a) a diisocyanate, (b) a hydrophilic polymer which is a hydrophilic diol, a hydrophilic diamine, or a combination thereof, and optionally, (c) a chain extender.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to stabilized insulin composition comprising a mixture of insulin species such as insulin and an insulin analog. As disclosed herein, insulin compositions comprising a mixture of insulin and insulin analog species form heterodimeric complexes having a greater stability than the homodimeric complexes formed in compositions comprising single insulin species. Consequently, the present invention provides methods for stabilizing insulin molecules, methods for identifying stable heterodimeric insulin complexes and stabilized insulin compositions.

Abstract: The present invention provides medical devices such as medication infusion pumps having internal surfaces that are treated to inhibit protein denaturation. In accordance with the invention, hydrophilic internal surfaces and related coating methods are provided to reduce or eliminate accumulation of medication deposits which can otherwise occur when handling complex protein-based medications. Preferred hydrophilic pump surfaces include hydrophilic surfactants (PEO) or (PEG) coatings which exhibit very low protein adsorption characteristics. Several methods are disclosed for producing such treated surfaces including the covalent attachment of hydrophilic surfactants.

Abstract: Methods are provided for the determination of the concentration of biological levels of polyhydroxylated compounds, particularly glucose. The methods utilize an amplification system that is an analyte transducer immobilized in a polymeric matrix, where the system is implantable and biocompatible. Upon interrogation by an optical system, the amplification system produces a signal capable of detection external to the skin of the patient. Quantitation of the analyte of interest is achieved by measurement of the emitted signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides medical devices such as medication infusion pumps having internal surfaces that are treated to inhibit protein denaturation. In accordance with the invention, hydrophilic internal surfaces and related coating methods are provided to reduce or eliminate accumulation of medication deposits which can otherwise occur when handling complex protein-based medications. Preferred hydrophilic pump surfaces include hydrophilic surfactants (PEO) or (PEG) coatings which exhibit very low protein adsorption characteristics. Several methods are disclosed for producing such treated surfaces including the covalent attachment of hydrophilic surfactants.

Abstract: Methods are provided for the determination of the concentration of biological levels of polyhydroxylated compounds, particularly glucose. The methods utilize an amplification system that is an analyte transducer immobilized in a polymeric matrix, where the system is implantable and biocompatible. Upon interrogation by an optical system, the amplification system produces a signal capable of detection external to the skin of the patient. Quantitation of the analyte of interest is achieved by measurement of the emitted signal. Specifically, the analyte transducer immobilized in a polymeric matrix can be a boronic acid moiety.

Abstract: The present invention is a pharmaceutical composition for polypeptdes which are not stably soluble. A preferred polypeptide is monomeric insulin and a preferred formulation consists of a TRIS-phosphate combination buffer, zinc; a phenolic preservative and an isotonicity agent such as glycerol.

Abstract: Methods for reducing the electrode impedance of implantable biosensors by coating the surface of the biosensor with a uniform hydrogel which allows unimpeded water movement around the sensor are provided. The surface coatings are compositions which are biocompatible and are capable of water uptake of at least 120% of their weight, more preferably at least 200% of their weight. Upon the uptake of water, the hydrogels used in the present invention will also swell and provide a layer of water around the electrodes to which the hydrogels are attached. The hydrogels can be prepared from (a) a diisocyanate, (b) a hydrophilic polymer which is a hydrophilic diol, a hydrophilic diamine, or a combination thereof, and optionally, (c) a chain extender.

Abstract: Methods are provided for the determination of the concentration of biological levels of polyhydroxylated compounds, particularly glucose. The methods utilize an amplification system that is an analyte transducer immobilized in a polymeric matrix, where the system is implantable and biocompatible. Upon interrogation by an optical system, the amplification system produces a signal capable of detection external to the skin of the patient. Quantitation of the analyte of interest is achieved by measurement of the emitted signal.