Abstract: An electronic typographic apparatus includes a multiline display, the top of the display being justified and the lower line constituting a data entry line. Coded typographic data is stored in a character memory, the dot format for the display of characters in different scan lines being produced upon application of stored character data to character generating read only memories. The data entry position of the data entry line of the display is stored and new data is entered into the character memory with counting circuits being employed to keep track of the data entry line and position. The display is "rolled up" one line upon receipt of a carriage return signal, and in the backspacing function, stored data is deleted. Backspacing may proceed into a line previously rolled up, in which case all of the lines are rolled down.

Abstract: A mechanism which provides bi-directional movement of the carrier of an electric typewriter incorporating proportional spacing. A ratchet arrangement is operable in both directions to provide the desired proportional spacing increments, with rotation of a ratchet wheel in the clockwise direction being controlled by engagement of an associated pawl with one of a plurality of stop engaging surfaces of a control member which sets the number of proportional spacing increments desired.

Abstract: A desk top justifying text writing composing machine including automatic encoding and reading control means for operating a desk top justifying reproducing machine, or for operating larger and more sophisticated printing machines capable of automatic justification. The machine will produce unjustified typed lines and will automatically encode for controlling another machine to print justified lines, as a result of a single series of manual keyboard composing operations and automatic code controlled reproducing operations for producing a justified copy of a literal text, respectively. A differential character and space key lock means prevents operation of character and space keys that would extend a line beyond the right hand margin, and this means is appropriately effective to permit the addition of any character or space that will still fit in the line at any given time. The arrangement also accounts for the difference in character sizes for each key in upper and lower case conditions.

Abstract: An electronic video display of alpha-numeric characters such as words and numbers, in which a justified display is provided on the video screen. The display is generated by sequentially reading characters from a circulating memory corresponding to a display line, in response to stepping pulses. The time delay between each stepping pulse and the one preceding it corresponds to the width of the preceding character, or of the preceding word space. Justification is accomplished by increasing the time interval between stepping pulses corresponding to preceding word spaces, to incrementally increase the width of each word space until the last character on the line is at the right margin.

Abstract: A desk top justifying text writing composing machine including automatic encoding and reading control means for operating a desk top justifying reproducing machine, or for operating larger and more sophisticated printing machines capable of automatic justification. The machine will produce unjustified typed lines and will automatically encode for controlling another machine to print justified lines, as a result of a single series of manual keyboard composing operations and automatic code controlled reproducing operations for producing a justified copy of a literal text, respectively.

Abstract: An electronic typographic apparatus includes a multiline display. Coded typographic data for characters of various widths is stored in a character memory, the dot format for the display of characters in different scan lines being produced upon application of stored character data to character generating read only memories. The data entry position of the data entry line of the display is stored and new data is entered into the character memory with counting circuits being employed to keep track of the data entry line and position. The display is "rolled up" one line upon receipt of a carriage return signal, and in the backspacing function, stored data is deleted. The characters are displayed with proportional widths, as a function of an asynchronous pulsed stepping signal generated from a read only memory instantaneously responsive to coded signals of the character memory just prior to the display of elements of a character.

Abstract: A desk top justifying text writing composing machine including automatic encoding and reading control means for operating a desk top justifying reproducing machine, or for operating larger and more sophisticated printing machines capable of automatic justification. The machine will produce unjustified typed lines and will automatically encode for controlling another machine to print justified lines, as a result of a single series of manual keyboard composing operations and automatic code controlled reproducing operations for producing a justified copy of a literal text, respectively.The machine includes a delete key and automatic deleting and back spacing means that reverses the machine and deletes codes from a code medium according to previously encoded information for back space correction purposes. The machine operates much like a normal office typewriter and may be operated by a person with a little more than normal typewriting skills for encoding a justified corrected text and function control codes.

Abstract: A system for producing signals for proportional display of characters on a display device. The system utilizes a memory means for storing codes for a text and means for sequencing through the memory. The output of the memory which addresses (1) a character dot generator ROM and (2) a character width defining ROM. A shift register receives parallel inputs from the dot generator ROM and delivers a sequence of output levels to control the intensity of a display oscilloscope beam. Another shift register receives parallel inputs from the character width ROM (2) one input at a time, so that its output pulse occurs after the writing of the character is finished. Means is provided for applying the pulse output of the parallel input shift register to advance the character memory means to the next character to be displayed.

Abstract: A desk top justifying text writing composing machine including automatic encoding and reading control means for operating a desk top justifying reproducing machine, or for operating larger and more sophisticated printing machines capable of automatic justification. The machine will produce unjustified typed lines and will automatically encode for controlling another machine to print justified lines, as a result of a single series of manual keyboard composing operations and automatic code controlled reproducing operations for producing a justified copy of a literal text, respectively.The machine includes a delete key and automatic deleting and back spacing means that reverses the machine and deletes codes from a code medium according to previously encoded information for back space correction purposes. The machine operates much like a normal office typewriter and may be operated by a person with a little more than normal typewriting skills for encoding a justified corrected text and function control codes.

Abstract: A desk top justifying text writing composing machine including automatic encoding and reading control means for operating a desk top justifying reproducing machine, or for operating larger and more sophisticated printing machines capable of automatic justification. The machine will produce unjustified typed lines and will automatically encode for controlling another machine to print justified lines, as a result of a single series of manual keyboard composing operations and automatic code controlled reproducing operations for producing a justified copy of a literal text, respectively.The machine includes a delete key and automatic deleting and back spacing means that reverses the machine and deletes codes from a code medium according to previously encoded information for back space correction purposes. The machine operates much like a normal office typewriter and may be operated by a person with a little more than normal typewriting skills for encoding a justified corrected text and function control codes.

Abstract: A desk top justifying text writing composing machine including automatic encoding and reading control means for operating a desk top justifying reproducing machine, or for operating larger and more sophisticated printing machines capable of automatic justification. The machine will produce unjustified typed lines and will automatically encode for controlling another machine to print justified lines, as a result of a single series of manual keyboard composing operations and automatic code controlled reproducing operations for producing a justified copy of a literal text, respectively.The machine includes a delete key and automatic deleting and back spacing means that reverses the machine and deletes codes from a code medium according to previously encoded information for back space correction purposes. The machine operates much like a normal office typewriter and may be operated by a person with a little more than normal typewriting skills for encoding a justified corrected text and function control codes.

Abstract: A justifying text writing reproducing machine for automatic or manual typing of text includes a keyboard enabling an operator to manually type text, and reader means responsive to coded information on a coded medium for automatically typing lines of text. The machine is responsive to separate coded function information on the coded medium for conditioning the machine to perform separate functions such as justification, print or no-print, bold or regular typing, and for printing upper or lower case characters, and the machine is responsive to other separate coded information for conditioning the machine to perform combinations of such functions. The conditioning may be overridden. The carriage of the machine is stepped incrementally in order to enable display of characters with different predetermined widths.

Abstract: A justifying text writing reproducing machine for automatic or manual typing of text includes a keyboard enabling an operator to manually type text, and reader means responsive to coded information on a coded medium for automatically typing lines of text. The machine is responsive to separate coded function information on the coded medium for conditioning the machine to perform separate functions such as justification, print or noprint, bold or regular typing, and for printing upper or lower case characters, and the machine is responsive to other separate coded information for conditioning the machine to perform combinations of such functions. The conditioning may be overridden. The carriage of the machine is stepped incrementally in order to enable display of characters with different predetermined widths.

Abstract: A justifying text writing reproducing machine for automatic or manual typing of text includes a keyboard enabling an operator to manually type text, and reader means responsive to coded information on a coded medium for automatically typing lines of text. The machine is responsive to separate coded function information on the coded medium for conditioning the machine to perform separate functions such as justification, print or no-print, bold or regular typing, and for printing upper or lower case characters, and the machine is responsive to other separate coded information for conditioning the machine to perform combinations of such functions. The conditioning may be overridden. The carriage of the machine is stepped incrementally in order to enable display of characters with different predetermined widths.

Abstract: An electronic typographic apparatus includes a multiline display, the top of the display being justified and the lower line constituting a data entry line. Coded typographic data is stored in a character memory, the dot format for the display of characters is in different scan lines being produced upon application of stored character data to character generating read only memories. The data entry position of the data entry line of the display is stored and new data is entered into the character memory with counting circuits being employed to keep track of the data entry line and position. The display is "rolled up" one line upon receipt of a carriage return signal, and in the backspacing function, stored data is deleted. Backspacing may proceed into a line previously rolled up, in which case all of the lines are rolled down.

Abstract: A desk top justifying text writing composing machine including automatic encoding and reading control means for operating a desk top justifying reproducing machine, or for operating larger and more sophisticated printing machines capable of automatic justification. The machine will produce unjustified typed lines and will automatically encode for controlling another machine to print justified lines, as a result of a single series of manuel keyboard composing operations and automatic code controlled reproducing operations for producing a justified copy of a literal text, respectively.The machine includes a delete key and automatic deleting and back spacing means that reverses the machine and deletes codes from a code medium according to previously encoded information for back space correction purposes. The machine operates much like a normal office typewriter and may be operated by a person with a little more than normal typewriting skills for encoding a justified corrected text and function control codes.

Abstract: The illustrated embodiment is a desk top justifying text writing reproducing machine, illustratively controllable by a code reading means in a desk top text writing composing machine (the topic of our copending application for "JUSTIFYING, TEXT WRITING COMPOSING MACHINE", Ser. No. 213,045, filed Dec. 28, 1971), for automatically producing a justified copy, line-by-line, generally one line behind the line being encoded in the composing machine.The operator normally merely puts paper in the reproducing machine, sets a left margin control and shifts a key that conditions the machine for code controlled operations.