Abstract: Novel compounds and compositions including the same and methods of manufacturing and using the same, particularly for inhibiting HDAC or HDAC activity, and more particularly for enhancing renal recovery following acute kidney injury (AKI), preferably through HDAC inhibition.

Abstract: Novel compounds and compositions including the same and methods of manufacturing and using the same, particularly for increasing klotho gene expression, and more particularly for increasing circulating or soluble Klotho protein levels through increasing klotho gene expression.

Abstract: A self-clocking punched record reader for reading a record (10 ) without sprocket (clock) holes has two sets of sensors (RH1) and (RH2), sensing overlapping areas in the record columns, in a read head (12). A strobe allow flip-flop (SA1) determines when at least one sensor of each set is reading a hole, and a comparator (EQ1) determines when the two sets have identical outputs. The outputs from (SA1) and (EQ1) are combined to fire a one-shot (OS1) which gives a strobe pulse (STR) output, also gating the output from sensor set (RH2) as DATA. An error flip-flop (ER1) is arranged to detect double strobing (DST) and strobe failure (no strobe, (NST).