Patents by Inventor William S. Knowles
William S. Knowles has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Patent number: 4464306Abstract: The invention is a new family of phosphine compounds which can be used to make optically active metal coordination complex catalysts which combine high efficiency with a capability of performing rapidly (high efficiency and rapidly being established from Tables I, II and III as being greater than 75% efficiency and in times of not more than a few hours, preferably less than one hour) in water and thus avoiding solvent recovery and loss problems. The catalysts can be used in some alcoholic mediums as well as in some aqueous mediums. These catalysts are useful in catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation of some olefinic compounds. The new phosphine compounds are made from novel phosphine oxides.Type: GrantFiled: January 19, 1983Date of Patent: August 7, 1984Assignee: Monsanto CompanyInventors: William C. Christopfel, William S. Knowles
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Patent number: 4376870Abstract: The invention is a new family of phosphine compounds which can be used to make optically active metal coordination complex catalysts which combine high efficiency with a capability of performing rapidly (high efficiency and rapidly being established from Tables I, II and III as being greater than 75% efficiency and in times of not more than a few hours, preferably less than one hour) in water and thus avoiding solvent recovery and loss problems. The catalysts can be used in some alcoholic mediums as well as in some aqueous mediums. These catalysts are useful in catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation of some olefinic compounds. The new phosphine compounds are made from novel phosphine oxides.Type: GrantFiled: December 5, 1980Date of Patent: March 15, 1983Assignee: Monsanto CompanyInventors: William C. Christopfel, William S. Knowles
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Patent number: 4294989Abstract: Process for the homogeneous catalytic hydrogenation of .beta.-substituted-.alpha.-acylamido-acrylic acids which yields, after hydrogenation, an optically active mixture. The process comprises the hydrogenation of .beta.-substituted-.alpha.-acylamido-acrylic acids in the presence of an optically active coordinated metal complex hydrogenation catalyst, in which the metal is selected from the group consisting of rhodium, iridium, ruthenium, osmium, palladium and platinum.This process is a generalized process for any asymmetric hydrogenation of .beta.-substituted-.alpha.-acylamido-acrylic acids in which one .alpha.-amino acid enantiomorph is the desired end-product. It is especially useful for the preparation of .alpha.-amino acids found in nature which possess optical activity and which have a hydrogen attached to the asymmetric center.This invention also relates to new optically active coordinated metal complex hydrogenation catalysts.Type: GrantFiled: September 5, 1978Date of Patent: October 13, 1981Assignee: Monsanto CompanyInventors: William S. Knowles, Milton J. Sabacky
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Patent number: 4265827Abstract: Process for the homogeneous catalytic hydrogenation of .alpha.-substituted-.alpha.-acylamido-acrylic acids which yields, after hydrogenation, an optically active mixture. The process comprises the hydrogenation of .beta.-substituted-.beta.-acylamido-acrylic acids in the presence of an optically active coordinated metal complex hydrogenation catalyst, in which the metal is selected from the group consisting of rhodium, iridium, ruthenium, osmium, palladium and platinum.This process is a generalized process for any asymmetric hydrogenation of .beta.-substituted-.alpha.-acylamido-acrylic acids in which one .alpha.-amino acid enantiomorph is the desired end-product. It is especially useful for the preparation of .alpha.-amino acids found in nature which possess optical activity and which have a hydrogen attached to the asymmetric center.This invention also relates to new optically active coordinated metal complex hydrogenation catalysts.Type: GrantFiled: September 5, 1978Date of Patent: May 5, 1981Assignee: Monsanto CompanyInventors: William S. Knowles, Milton J. Sabacky
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Patent number: 4261919Abstract: Process for the homogeneous catalytic hydrogenation of .beta.-substituted-.alpha.-acylamido-acrylic acids which yields, after hydrogenation, an optically active mixture. The process comprises the hydrogenation of .beta.-substituted-.alpha.-acylamidoacrylic acids in the presence of an optically active coordinated metal complex hydrogenation catalyst, in which the metal is selected from the group consisting of rhodium, iridium, ruthenium, osmium, palladium and platinum.This process is a generalized process for any asymmetric hydrogenation of .beta.-substituted-.alpha.-acylamido-acrylic acids in which one .alpha.-amino acid enantiomorph is the desired end-product. It is especially useful for the preparation of .alpha.-amino acids found in nature which possess optical activity and which have a hydrogen attached to the asymmetric center.This invention also relates to new optically active coordinated metal complex hydrogenation catalysts.Type: GrantFiled: September 5, 1978Date of Patent: April 14, 1981Assignee: Monsanto CompanyInventors: William S. Knowles, Milton J. Sabacky
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Patent number: 4220590Abstract: New optically active bis phosphine compounds which are usful in optically active catalysts. Such catalysts are particularly useful in catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation.Type: GrantFiled: July 31, 1978Date of Patent: September 2, 1980Assignee: Monsanto CompanyInventors: William S. Knowles, Milton J. Sabacky, Billy D. Vineyard
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Patent number: 4142992Abstract: New optically active bis phosphine compounds which are useful in optically active catalysts. Such catalysts are particularly useful in catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation.Type: GrantFiled: September 16, 1976Date of Patent: March 6, 1979Assignee: Monsanto CompanyInventors: William S. Knowles, Milton J. Sabacky, Billy D. Vineyard
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Patent number: 4124533Abstract: Process for the homogeneous catalytic hydrogenation of .beta.-substituted-.alpha.-acylamido-acrylic acids which yields, after hydrogenation, an optically active mixture. The process comprises the hydrogenation of .beta.-substituted-.alpha.-acylamido-acrylic acids in the presence of an optically active coordinated metal complex hydrogenation catalyst, in which the metal is selected from the group consisting of rhodium, iridium, ruthenium, osmium, palladium and platinum.This process is a generalized process for any asymmetric hydrogenation of .beta.-substituted-.alpha.-acylamido-acrylic acids in which one .alpha.-amino acid enantiomorph is the desired end-product. It is especially useful for the preparation of .alpha.-amino acids found in nature which possess optical activity and which have a hydrogen attached to the asymmetric center.This invention also relates to new optically active coordinated metal complex hydrogenation catalysts.Type: GrantFiled: March 17, 1975Date of Patent: November 7, 1978Assignee: Monsanto CompanyInventors: William S. Knowles, Milton J. Sabacky
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Patent number: 4119652Abstract: Process for the homogeneous catalytic hydrogenation of olefins, capable of existing as enantiomorphs upon hydrogenation of the olefinic bond, which yields on hydrogenation an optically active mixture. The process comprises the hydrogenation of the olefin in the presence of an optically active coordinated metal hydrogenation catalyst, in which the metal is selected from the group consisting of rhodium, iridium, ruthenium, osmium, palladium and platinum.This process is a generalized process for any asymmetric hydrogenation of olefins in which one optical enantiomorph is desired. It is also a generalized process for the selective hydrogenation of olefins in the presence of other reactive groups which are easily hydrogenated. It is especially useful for the preparation of natural products which possess optical activity, such as amino acids, and for products such as flavors, fragrances which may require optical activity for their utilitization.Type: GrantFiled: June 25, 1976Date of Patent: October 10, 1978Assignee: Monsanto CompanyInventors: William S. Knowles, Milton J. Sabacky
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Patent number: 4008281Abstract: New optically active bis phosphine compounds which are useful in optically active catalysts. Such catalysts are particularly useful in catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation.Type: GrantFiled: October 15, 1974Date of Patent: February 15, 1977Assignee: Monsanto CompanyInventors: William S. Knowles, Milton J. Sabacky, Billy D. Vineyard
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Patent number: 4005127Abstract: A process for the preparation of 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-L-alanine (L-DOPA) wherein .alpha.-acetamido-4-hydroxy-3-alkoxy-cinnamic acid acetate is subjected to catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation to yield an optically active mixture N-acetyl-3-(4-hydroxy-3-alkoxyphenyl)-alanine acetate, with the L enantiomorph being present in a major amount and the D enantiomorph being present in a minor amount, from which N-acetyl-3-(4-hydroxy-3-alkoxyphenyl)-L-alanine acetate can be easily recovered and is then converted to L-DOPA.Novel precursors for L-DOPA are prepared in the process of this invention.Type: GrantFiled: August 6, 1975Date of Patent: January 25, 1977Assignee: Monsanto CompanyInventors: William S. Knowles, Milton J. Sabacky, Billy D. Vineyard