Abstract: A process for removing Pb2+ ions from fluids, such as gastrointestinal fluids is described. The process involves contacting gastrointestinal fluid with a particulate metal titanate ion exchanger represented by the empirical formula: AmTixMyOz where A is an exchangeable cation selected from the group consisting of potassium ion, sodium ion, lithium ion, calcium ion, magnesium ion, hydronium ion, and mixtures thereof, and M is optionally at least one framework metal selected from niobium (5+), zirconium (4+), tin (4+), iron (3+), iron (2+), cobalt (2+), and manganese (2+). The particulate metal titanate ion exchangers of the present disclosure are synthesized in the presence of complexing agents, including at least one multihydroxyl-containing complexing agent (MHCA), which facilitate metal transport and incorporation while imparting beneficial properties such as large aggregate size, well-behaved particle size distribution, and macroporosity.

Abstract: A new family of rare-earth silicate compositions and the synthetic methods used to prepare them. The materials have open-framework structures and are characterized by their ion-exchange properties. They are represented by the following empirical formula: Ar+pMs+1?xM?t+xSinOm where A is an exchangeable cation such as sodium, M is at least one element selected from the group of rare-earth elements, and M? is a framework metal having a valence of +2, +3, +4, or +5. The rare-earth silicate materials have utility in various cation-exchange applications such as dialysis and removal of toxic metals from the gastrointestinal tract.

Abstract: A new family of rare-earth silicate compositions and the synthetic methods used to prepare them. The materials have open-framework structures and are characterized by their ion-exchange properties. They are represented by the following empirical formula: Ar+pMs+1-xM?t+xSinOm where A is an exchangeable cation such as sodium, M is at least one element selected from the group of rare-earth elements, and M? is a framework metal having a valence of +2, +3, +4, or +5. The rare-earth silicate materials have utility in various cation-exchange applications such as dialysis and removal of toxic metals from the gastrointestinal tract.

Abstract: A process for removing Pb2+ toxins from bodily fluids is disclosed. The process involves contacting the bodily fluid with an ion exchange composition to remove the metal toxins in the bodily fluid, including blood and gastrointestinal fluid. Alternatively, blood can be contacted with a dialysis solution which is then contacted with the ion exchange composition. The ion exchange compositions are represented by the following empirical formula: AmTiaNb1-aSixOy having either the pharmacosiderite, sitinakite, pharmacosiderite-sitinakite intergrowth topologies or mixtures thereof. A composition comprising the above ion exchange compositions in combination with bodily fluids or dialysis solution is also disclosed. The ion exchange compositions may be supported by porous networks of biocompatible polymers such as carbohydrates or proteins.

Abstract: A process for removing Pb2+ toxins from bodily fluids involves contacting the bodily fluid with an ion exchange composition to remove the metal toxins in the bodily fluid, including blood and gastrointestinal fluid. Alternatively, blood can be contacted with a dialysis solution which is then contacted with the ion exchange composition. The ion exchange compositions are represented by the following empirical formula: AmTiaNb1-aSixOy having either the pharmacosiderite, sitinakite, pharmacosiderite-sitinakite intergrowth topologies or mixtures thereof. There are also compositions comprising the above ion exchange compositions in combination with bodily fluids or dialysis solution. The ion exchange compositions may be supported by porous networks of biocompatible polymers such as carbohydrates or proteins.

Abstract: A process for removing Pb2+, Hg2+ and other heavy metal toxins from bodily fluids is disclosed. The process involves treating a patient with a small molecule heavy metal chelator to remove these toxins from bones and soft tissue cells into the blood or other bodily fluid. Then an ion exchange composition is used to ion exchange the heavy metal toxins from bodily fluids either within the body or by treatment outside the body such as by dialysis. The ion exchange compositions may be supported by porous networks of biocompatible polymers such as carbohydrates or proteins.

Abstract: A new family of rare-earth silicate compositions and the synthetic methods used to prepare them. The materials have open-framework structures and are characterized by their ion-exchange properties. They are represented by the following empirical formula: Ar+pMs+1-xM?t+xSinOm where A is an exchangeable cation such as sodium, M is at least one element selected from the group of rare-earth elements, and M? is a framework metal having a valence of +2, +3, +4, or +5. The rare-earth silicate materials have utility in various cation-exchange applications such as dialysis and removal of toxic metals from the gastrointestinal tract.

Abstract: A process for removing Pb2+ toxins from bodily fluids is disclosed. The process involves contacting the bodily fluid with an ion exchange composition to remove the metal toxins in the bodily fluid, including blood and gastrointestinal fluid. Alternatively, blood can be contacted with a dialysis solution which is then contacted with the ion exchange composition. The ion exchange compositions are represented by the following empirical formula: AmTiaNb1-aSixOy having either the pharmacosiderite, sitinakite, pharmacosiderite-sitinakite intergrowth topologies or mixtures thereof. A composition comprising the above ion exchange compositions in combination with bodily fluids or dialysis solution is also disclosed. The ion exchange compositions may be supported by porous networks of biocompatible polymers such as carbohydrates or proteins.

Abstract: A process for removing Pb2+, Hg2+, K+ and NH4+ toxins from bodily fluids is disclosed. The process involves contacting the bodily fluid with an ion exchange composition to remove the metal toxins in the bodily fluid, including blood and gastrointestinal fluid. Alternatively, blood can be contacted with a dialysis solution which is then contacted with the ion exchange composition. The ion exchange compositions are represented by the following empirical formula: Ar+pMs+1-xM?t+xSinOm A composition comprising the above ion exchange compositions in combination with bodily fluids or dialysis solution is also disclosed. The ion exchange compositions may be supported by porous networks of biocompatible polymers such as carbohydrates or proteins.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are described for regenerating a local clock within a wireless module and synchronizing the local clock with a wireless host clock. For one embodiment, the wireless module generates a local clock, counts the cycles of the clock during a common timing reference period maintained wirelessly between the wireless module and the host, receives a count of the host clock during the same common timing reference period, and adjusts the local clock signal based upon a comparison of the two counts. For one embodiment, the wireless module further receives timing references from the host and, in addition, receives packets of audio samples from the host accompanied by a timestamp, the timestamp based upon the host timing reference, and outputs the audio sample at the time designated by the timestamp.

Abstract: A method of producing an alkylaromatic by the alkylation of an aromatic with ethanol, such as producing ethylbenzene by an alkylation reaction of benzene, is disclosed.