Abstract: An arrangement for connecting and disconnecting DC networks includes a main bus for connecting a plurality of DC lines with each other. First and second DC lines are connected between first and second DC networks and the main bus via respective main switches. The DC networks contain a DC operating equipment, such as a converter, an energy storage device, a DC chopper, a DC cable, an energy source and/or a load. A transfer bus that is electrically connected to the main bus has a transfer bus disconnector for disconnecting the main bus from the transfer bus, a transfer switch, and a current limiting device with a resistor and a parallel resistor bypass switch. The first DC line is connected to the transfer bus via a first transfer disconnector and the second DC line is connected to the transfer bus via a second transfer disconnector.

Abstract: The present invention provides new methods for cardiac imaging and related medical applications thereof. In some embodiments, the present invention provides a method for the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases, conditions, or disorders. In some embodiments, the present invention provides a method for the treatment or prevention of cardiovascular diseases, conditions, or disorders. In some embodiments, the present invention provides methods for monitoring the effect of cancer treatment on the heart, and/or methods for monitoring a cancer treatment regimen. In some embodiments, the present invention provides a method for selecting subjects for a test or treatment. In some embodiments, the present invention provides a method for determining the dosage of a drug. In some embodiments, the present invention provides methods for determining the risk of a cardiovascular disease, for assessing risk of a cardiovascular disease, and/or for determining the risk of heart attack.

Abstract: The present invention provides new methods for cardiac imaging and related medical applications thereof. In some embodiments, the present invention provides a method for the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases, conditions, or disorders. In some embodiments, the present invention provides a method for the treatment or prevention of cardiovascular diseases, conditions, or disorders. In some embodiments, the present invention provides methods for monitoring the effect of cancer treatment on the heart, and/or methods for monitoring a cancer treatment regimen. In some embodiments, the present invention provides a method for selecting subjects for a test or treatment. In some embodiments, the present invention provides a method for determining the dosage of a drug. In some embodiments, the present invention provides methods for determining the risk of a cardiovascular disease, for assessing risk of a cardiovascular disease, and/or for determining the risk of heart attack.

Abstract: In the method for closed-loop control of at least two converters in an energy transmission and/or distribution system, each rectifier regulator and each inverter regulator provides a differential DC voltage from the difference between a given set DC voltage and the relevant received measured DC voltage, and also provides a differential DC current from a differential DC current from the difference between a set DC current and the corresponding received measured DC current. Each converter is a self-commutated converter with power semiconductors. The rectifier regulation of the provided converter is regulated such that the sum of the product of the differential voltages and the value of given set DC current at the corresponding rectifier and the differential current is a minimum. The inverter regulation regulates the corresponding inverter such that the sum between the differential voltage and the differential current is a minimum.

Abstract: A method for avoiding undesired, measurement error-induced protective tripping within a protection system of an HVDC transmission system. State variables of components of the HVDC transmission system are detected by first measuring devices to obtain a first set of measured values and by further measuring devices, which are designed in redundant fashion with respect to the first measuring devices, to obtain further sets of measured values. The first and further sets of measured values are supplied to a closed-loop control unit and a protective unit. The protective unit checks the first set of measured values for the presence of a risk of protective tripping by way of internal logic, and the closed-loop control unit regulates the HVDC transmission system as a function of one of the further sets of measured values.

Abstract: A closed-loop control method for at least two converters in an energy transmission and/or distribution system. The converters may be controlled either as rectifier or inverter and they are connected to each other by a DC link. A measured DC voltage and a measured DC current is measured at each converter and transmitted to a rectifier regulator for regulating the corresponding rectifier or to an inverter regulator for regulating the corresponding inverter. Each rectifier regulator and each inverter regulator gives the difference between a given set DC voltage and the relevant received measured DC voltage to give a differential DC voltage and the difference between a set DC current and the corresponding received measured DC current to give a differential DC current.

Abstract: A cost-effective device for influencing the transmission of electrical energy of an alternating voltage line with a plurality of phases has phase modules, which each have an alternating voltage terminal for connecting to a phase of the alternating voltage line and two connecting terminals. A phase module branch extends between each connecting terminal and each alternating voltage terminal. The phase module branch is formed of a series connection of sub-modules, each having a power semiconductor circuit and an energy accumulator connected in parallel to the power semiconductor circuit. The connecting terminals are connected to one another. The power semiconductor circuit is equipped with power semiconductors that can be switched off and are connected to each other in a half bridge.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting and processing a multiplicity of measured values in an HVDCT system has measuring units for detecting measured variables of the HVDCT system, while obtaining measured values, and preprocessing units which are connected to one another in series, are each connected to at least one measuring unit and are connected to a control, regulation and monitoring system by means of a last preprocessing unit which is connected downstream of the rest of the preprocessing units, each preprocessing unit being set up to receive and preprocess the measured values, while obtaining optical measured values, and transmitting both the optical measured values generated by it and the optical measured values received from the upstream preprocessing units to a downstream preprocessing unit or to the control, regulation and monitoring system, with the result that the last preprocessing unit provides all of the measured values for the control, regulation and monitoring system.

Abstract: A method for avoiding undesired, measurement error-induced protective tripping within a protection system of an HVDC transmission system. State variables of components of the HVDC transmission system are detected by first measuring devices to obtain a first set of measured values and by further measuring devices, which are designed in redundant fashion with respect to the first measuring devices, to obtain further sets of measured values. The first and further sets of measured values are supplied to a closed-loop control unit and a protective unit. The protective unit checks the first set of measured values for the presence of a risk of protective tripping by way of internal logic, and the closed-loop control unit regulates the HVDC transmission system as a function of one of the further sets of measured values.

Abstract: A cost-effective device for influencing the transmission of electrical energy of an alternating voltage line with a plurality of phases has phase modules, which each have an alternating voltage terminal for connecting to a phase of the alternating voltage line and two connecting terminals. A phase module branch extends between each connecting terminal and each alternating voltage terminal. The phase module branch is formed of a series connection of sub-modules, each having a power semiconductor circuit and an energy accumulator connected in parallel to the power semiconductor circuit. The connecting terminals are connected to one another. The power semiconductor circuit is equipped with power semiconductors that can be switched off and are connected to each other in a half bridge.

Abstract: A method of imaging apoptosis in vivo, using radiolabeled annexin, is described.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting and processing a multiplicity of measured values in an HVDCT system has measuring units for detecting measured variables of the HVDCT system, while obtaining measured values, and preprocessing units which are connected to one another in series, are each connected to at least one measuring unit and are connected to a control, regulation and monitoring system by means of a last preprocessing unit which is connected downstream of the rest of the preprocessing units, each preprocessing unit being set up to receive and preprocess the measured values, while obtaining optical measured values, and transmitting both the optical measured values generated by it and the optical measured values received from the upstream preprocessing units to a downstream preprocessing unit or to the control, regulation and monitoring system, with the result that the last preprocessing unit provides all of the measured values for the control, regulation and monitoring system.

Abstract: A temperature resistant, structural polymer nanocomposite foam may be formed from an amorphous or semi-crystalline, thermoplastic polymer matrix and a nano smectite clay intercalated and/or exfoliated in the polymer. The nano smectite clay may be coated with an organophilic surfactant. A polymer foam may be formed by forming a precursor material from an amorphous or semi-crystalline, thermoplastic polymer. The precursor material may be infused with a supercritical fluid at a process temperature of less than approximately 340° C. and a process pressure of at least 10 MPa. The precursor material may be foamed using the supercritical fluid by suddenly decreasing the pressure on the precursor material. The precursor material may also contain a nano smectite clay. It may be formed into a molded preform. The polymer foam formation process may include net-molding.

Abstract: A method of imaging apoptosis in vivo, using radiolabeled annexin, is described.

Abstract: Systems and methods by which voice/data communications may occur in multiple modes/protocols are disclosed. In particular, systems and methods are provided for multiple native mode/protocol voice and data transmissions and receptions with a computing system having a multi-bus structure, including, for example, a TDM bus and a packet bus, and multi-protocol framing engines. Such systems preferably include subsystem functions such as PBX, voice mail and other telephony functions, LAN hub and data router or switch functions. In preferred embodiments, a TDM bus and a packet bus are intelligently bridged and managed, thereby enabling such multiple mode/protocol voice and data transmissions to be intelligently managed and controlled with a single, integrated system.

Abstract: A method of imaging apoptosis in vivo, using radiolabeled annexin, is described. Methods for tumor radiotherapy are also provided.

Abstract: Methods, devices, and kits, for assessing luminal lesions are provided. The subject devices comprise an intraluminal detector capable of sensing radioactive or other labels. In the subject methods, a detectable marker is introduced to a body lumen, either into the lumen itself or systemically in patient circulation, and localizes at a lesion. The detector is introduced into the body lumen and the distribution of a localized marker detected in situ. The information is useful for a number of purposes including the identification of unstable plaque in patients suffering from atherosclerotic disease.

Abstract: A method of imaging apoptosis in vivo, using radiolabeled annexin, is described. Methods for tumor radiotherapy are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relies on the affinity of stressed or apoptotic cells for exogenously administered annexin V to create a multi-functional molecular probe that can be simultaneously used for imaging (localization of unstable plaque within the body) and therapy (treatment of unstable plaque).

Abstract: Methods, devices, and kits, for assessing luminal lesions rely on intraluminal detection of labeled annexin. Annexin coupled to a detectable marker is introduced to a body lumen, either into the lumen itself or systemically in patient circulation, and localizes at a lesion. The detector is introduced into the body lumen and the localize distribution of the detectable marker is detected in situ. The information is useful for a number of purposes including the identification of unstable plaque in patients suffering from atherosclerotic disease.