Abstract: Medical or surgical instrument, such as a catheter, micro-catheter, guide-wire, cannula, blade, and forceps, comprising one or more sensors to allow measurement of parameters around or within the instrument, and methods for making and using the same, are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods and apparatuses for measuring fluid characteristics, such as blood characteristics, including, for example, velocity, flow direction, and pressure in a vascular system.

Abstract: A catheter with temperature sensing has a catheter body and a tip section with an integrated thermosistive temperature sensor on its outer surface. The temperature sensor includes a microfabricated thin film assembly of which one layer is a sensor layer of thermoresistive material. In one embodiment, the tip section has a flexible tubing with a temperature sensor on its outer surface. In another embodiment, the tip section has an extended tip electrode with a temperature sensor on its outer surface.