Abstract: Compositions and methods for the prevention and/or treatment of airway and/or respiratory disorders are provided. The compositions comprise arformoterol (the (R,R)-formoterol isomer) and tiotropium.

Abstract: A pressure vessel provided with a first port acting as a high pressure inlet of a first stream and a second port acting as a high pressure outlet. A rotatable valve element is located in the center of the machine. In operation, a fluid stream is introduced to the machine at high pressure where it then passes through the open ports of the valve element and into flow distributor causing upward displacement of a first duct piston, resulting in pressurization and flow of a second fluid. At the same time the second fluid is introduced to the machine at low pressure and flows into the pressure exchange duct, causing downward displacement of a second duct piston and resulting in flow of the first fluid below the duct piston, which then flows into the lower flow distributor, into the valve element, and then out of the pressure vessel.

Abstract: A device and method configured to exchange pressures between fluid streams as a way to reuse the pressure energy of one of the fluids. The device includes a rotatable valve that fluidly cooperates with pressure exchange ducts so that a high pressure fluid stream flows into a high pressure exchange duct to displace a duct piston contained therein so that a fluid within this duct that is downstream of the piston is pressurized. At the same time, a low pressure fluid stream is introduced into a low pressure exchange duct to displace a duct piston contained therein so that a fluid within this duct that is downstream of its piston is pressurized. Rotation of the valve fluidly couples the pressurized fluid from the high pressure duct to the low pressure duct while the fluid from the low pressure duct becomes fluidly coupled to the high pressure duct.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for the prevention and/or treatment of airway and/or respiratory disorders are provided. The compositions comprise arformoterol (the (R,R)-formoterol isomer) and tiotropium.

Abstract: A pressure vessel provided with a first port acting as a high pressure inlet of a first stream and a second port acting as a high pressure outlet. A rotatable valve element is located in the centre of the machine and includes a centre plate, which is utilized to separate high pressure streams. At each end of the valve element are valves. The valves ensure that as the valve element rotates the exchange ducts are either both isolated or that one is exposed to high pressure while the other is exposed to low pressure. In operation, a fluid stream is introduced to the machine at high pressure through port and flows around the outside of the exchange duct towards the centre of the machine. The stream then flows downwardly to the valve element, where it then passes through the open ports of the valve element and into flow distributor.

Abstract: There is disclosed a pressure vessel (1) provided with a first port (10) acting as a high pressure inlet of a first stream and a second port (11) acting as a high pressure outlet. A rotatable valve element (9) is located in the centre of the machine and includes a centre plate (19), which is utilized to separate high pressure streams. At each end of the valve element (9) are valves. The valves ensure that as the valve element (9) rotates the exchange ducts (3a and 3b) are either both isolated or that one is exposed to high pressure while the other is exposed to low pressure. In operation, a fluid stream is introduced to the machine at high pressure through port (10) and flows around the outside of the exchange duct (3b) towards the centre of the machine. The stream then flows downwardly to the valve element (9), where it then passes through the open ports of the valve element (9) and into flow distributor (6).