Abstract: Disclosed is a process for transcribing RNA using a nucleotide reagent as the promoter. Such a reagent enables any type of RNA to be transcribed without sequence specification and without protein cofactors, by means of an RNA polymerase that is known to be DNA-dependent such as the RNA polymerase of the phage T7, or by means of new, mutated RNA polymerase with the ability to synthesize a transcription product of a polynucleotide matrix with a higher yield when the matrix is RNA than when said matrix is DNA. This type of RNA polymerase can be obtained by effecting mutations on a coding gene for a wild-type RNA polymerase, and then by selecting the mutated RNA polymerase with said ability. The invention can be applied notably to the detection, synthesis or quantification of RNA.

Abstract: A cloned DNA sequence encoding T3 RNA polymerase is provided. This DNA can be inserted into an expression vector for recombinant expression of the peptide. The peptide can be used with dual promotor vectors containing T3 specific promoters.

Abstract: This invention relates to processes for the microbial production of peptide oligomers, to polypeptide products resulting from application of any of these processes, and to microbes for use in such production. Another aspect of this invention relates to processes for genetically engineering such microbes and to plasmid vectors for use in such engineering.

Abstract: A dual phage RNA polymerase promoter having a polylinker with at opposite ends, a T3 phage RNA polymerase promoter and a phage RNA polymerase promoter, like T7; the promoters are linked to the polylinker in opposite orientation. A recombinant DNA vector containing a T3 phage RNA polymerase promoter and a different phage RNA polymerase promoter; the promoters are linked to a polylinker sequence in opposite orientation. A kit including a T3 promoter and containing appropriate components for synthesizing RNA transcripts that are complementary to either strands of a cloned DNA sequence, and for other applications. Gene coding for T3 RNA polymerase, a vector containing the gene and transformed microorganisms.

Abstract: A dual promoter cassette which has at one end a promoter for T3 RNA polymerase which contains a downstream sequence identical to a naturally occurring T3 promoter sequence and on the other end, a promoter for a phage DNA polymerase other than the T3 RNA polymerase. The recombinant DNA plasmid which includes the promoter. The plasmid is capable of highly efficient transcription of RNA with low concentrations of ribonucleoside triphosphates.