Abstract: A vehicle includes a traction battery and one or more controllers configured to manage charging based on capacity changes independent of open circuit voltage. The controllers determine an updated state of charge when capacity varies and prevent charging when the state of charge exceeds a threshold. In some embodiments, the controllers output a state of certified energy value or adjust displayed charge and range indicators.

Abstract: A hybrid or electric vehicle includes a lithium-ion battery and a controller. The controller is programmed to discharge the battery through an electrical load to a predetermined voltage less than a voltage associated with zero state of charge such that relative degrees of lithiation associated with the electrodes of the battery change for at least one state of charge resulting in an increase in battery maximum capacity. The controller may be on-board or off-board of the vehicle. The electrical load may be part of the vehicle or external to the vehicle.

Abstract: A hybrid or electric vehicle includes a lithium-ion battery and a controller. The controller is programmed to discharge the battery through an electrical load to a predetermined voltage less than a voltage associated with zero state of charge such that relative degrees of lithiation associated with the electrodes of the battery change for at least one state of charge resulting in an increase in battery maximum capacity. The controller may be on-board or off-board of the vehicle. The electrical load may be part of the vehicle or external to the vehicle.

Abstract: A vehicle is disclosed that includes a battery and a controller programmed to calculate a battery voltage characteristic from previously measured charge and discharge data. The battery voltage characteristic is based on differences between the previously measured values when state of charge falls in a range in which the differences are approximately equal. Outside of the range, the charge and discharge voltage data are corrected based on a square root of time to obtain the battery voltage characteristic. The characterization may be performed with a high-rate continuous charge and discharge cycle. Also disclosed is an apparatus for generating the battery characteristic that includes a bi-directional power supply. The battery voltage characteristic is obtained based on the differences of the charge and discharge voltage data and corrected data based on the square root of time. A method is also disclosed based on the same.

Abstract: A vehicle is disclosed that includes a battery and a controller programmed to calculate a battery voltage characteristic from previously measured charge and discharge data. The battery voltage characteristic is based on differences between the previously measured values when state of charge falls in a range in which the differences are approximately equal. Outside of the range, the charge and discharge voltage data are corrected based on a square root of time to obtain the battery voltage characteristic. The characterization may be performed with a high-rate continuous charge and discharge cycle. Also disclosed is an apparatus for generating the battery characteristic that includes a bi-directional power supply. The battery voltage characteristic is obtained based on the differences of the charge and discharge voltage data and corrected data based on the square root of time. A method is also disclosed based on the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a scanning system optimized for lidar that includes a nodding mirror, a rotary electromagnetic drive, a rotary optical encoder, and control circuitry. The rotary electromagnetic drive includes a yoke incorporating a permanent magnet, and an arm having a coil at one end of the arm. The coil is enclosed within the yoke, and an opposite end of the arm is coupled to the nodding mirror, such that movement of the coil within the yoke in response to a current causes the nodding mirror to rotate. The rotary optical encoder produces an output signal in response to rotation of the nodding mirror, which serves as feedback to the control circuitry. The control circuitry adjusts the current provided to the rotary electromagnetic drive in response to the output signal, such that the nodding mirror rotates in a reference scan pattern.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a scanning system optimized for lidar that includes a nodding mirror, a rotary electromagnetic drive, a rotary optical encoder, and control circuitry. The rotary electromagnetic drive includes a yoke incorporating a permanent magnet, and an arm having a coil at one end of the arm. The coil is enclosed within the yoke, and an opposite end of the arm is coupled to the nodding mirror, such that movement of the coil within the yoke in response to a current causes the nodding mirror to rotate. The rotary optical encoder produces an output signal in response to rotation of the nodding mirror, which serves as feedback to the control circuitry. The control circuitry adjusts the current provided to the rotary electromagnetic drive in response to the output signal, such that the nodding mirror rotates in a reference scan pattern.

Abstract: A torque sensor for magnetically detecting torque transmitted to a rotatable shaft without directly contacting the shaft comprises a magnetic alloy and one or more sensing elements about the magnetic alloy to measure a magnetic field emanating from the magnetic alloy without being affected by anomalies in magnetic alloy.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for magnetizing a shaft in a circumferential direction is provided in which electrical current is applied to one or more electrical current conduction tubes and is directed through the tube to at least one coupler having an internal diameter sized so as to circumferentially contact the exterior diameter of a part of the shaft to be magnetized. An electric current pulse is applied to the electrical current conduction tube and radially enters the shaft from the coupler associated with the tube at a substantially 90° degree angle to the axis of the shaft. The current is forced axially along the length of the shaft in the direction of at least a second coupler to magnetize one or more bands along the shaft in a circumferential direction. The current exits the shaft by way of the second coupler and a second electrical conduction tube.

Abstract: A sensor for measuring divergent magnetic fields emanating from a rotatable magnetoelastic shaft without directly contacting the shaft comprises diametrically opposed sensing elements held in spaced relation to the shaft. Each sensing element is adjacent a corresponding one of the magnetic zones and on opposite sides of the shaft so as to create a cross-axial sensor arrangement.

Abstract: A magnetoelastic pressure sensor has an axially sensitive canister responsive to pressure induced tension. The sensor may have axially or circumferentially sensitive sensing structure. The pressure of a sense medium may be indirectly coupled to the interior of the chamber through an isolating member or medium. A reference structure may be provided for comparison with the sensing structure.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for magnetizing a shaft in a circumferential direction is provided in which electrical current is applied to one or more electrical current conduction tubes and is directed through the tube to at least one coupler having an internal diameter sized so as to circumferentially contact the exterior diameter of a part of the shaft to be magnetized. An electric current pulse is applied to the electrical current conduction tube and radially enters the shaft from the coupler associated with the tube at a substantially 90° degree angle to the axis of the shaft. The current is forced axially along the length of the shaft in the direction of at least a second coupler to magnetize one or more bands along the shaft in a circumferential direction. The current exits the shaft by way of the second coupler and a second electrical conduction tube.

Abstract: A torque sensor for magnetically detecting torque transmitted to a rotatable shaft without directly contacting the shaft comprises a magnetic alloy and one or more sensing elements about the magnetic alloy to measure a magnetic field emanating from the magnetic alloy without being affected by anomalies in magnetic alloy.

Abstract: An apparatus for sensing current passing through a conductor comprises a plurality of bi-directional magnetic pickups with low field sensing capability used in a common mode rejection configuration around the conductor without directly contacting the conductor. According to one embodiment of the invention, a plurality of bi-directional magnetic pickups is used around the trace of a circuit board without directly contacting the trace.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method are disclosed for performing both floating-point operations and integer operations utilizing a single functional unit. The floating-point adder performs logic for comparing exponents, logic for selecting and shifting a co-efficient, and logic for adding coefficients. In operation, the floating-point adder unit performs integer addition, subtraction, and compare operations using substantially the same hardware as used for floating-point operations. The output of the logic for comparing exponents represents the most significant bits of the result of the integer operation. The output of the logic for adding co-efficients represents the least significant bits of the result of the integer operation. If there is a carry from the logic for adding co-efficients, the value of the carry is added to the partial result representing the most significant bits of the integer operation.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for extended-precision vector arithmetic capable of extremely long precision (i.e., precision to as many bits as a user desires or is limited to due to memory, disk-storage, or other resource constraints). Vector carry-out bits can be used as vector carry-in bits for successive operations. In performing add or subtract operations on integers that are longer than the word size of the computer, the operands a broken into word-sized parts which are used as operands. A vector of long-integer numbers is thus broken into a series of sub-vectors, each having word-sized elements. Vector add or subtract operations are performed successively on the sub-vectors, starting with the lowest-order sub-vectors. Carry-out (or borrow-out) bits from a first vector operation are used as carry-in (or borrow-in) bits for a successive vector operation.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for a logical address translator which translates a logical address into a physical address in a computer. The computer includes a plurality of address ports. Each address port includes a logical address translator, which includes a plurality of segment-register sets. Each segment-register set holds values which specify address boundaries and translation mapping of a corresponding logical segment. A segment detector is coupled to the plurality of segment-register sets, wherein the segment detector operates to determine whether the logical address is within the specified address boundaries of the logical segment. An address mapper is coupled to the plurality of segment-register sets, wherein the address mapper operates to translate the logical address into a physical address.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for a scalar data cache in a scalar/vector supercomputer. The scalar data cache comprises a cache array and a cache controller. The cache array comprises a plurality of cache frames; each cache frame comprises a plurality of cache lines; and each cache line comprises a plurality of data words. The cache controller performs a broadside compare of the reference address against all addresses held in the cache, and translates the reference address into a cache-array address. For each cache line, there is a corresponding cache-line validity indication which is set "valid" only when every data word in the cache line contains valid data. A cache-line validity comparator operates to provide a cache-line-hit indication if a data word requested is in a valid cache line. A cache-load controller is described for loading data from a common memory into every data word of a cache line and for marking the cache line "valid".

Abstract: Method and apparatus for vector processing on a computer system. As the last element of a group of elements (called a "chunk") in a vector register is loaded from memory, the entire chunk is marked valid and thus made available for use by subsequent or pending operations. The vector processing apparatus comprises a plurality of vector registers, wherein each vector register holds a plurality of elements. For each of the vector registers, a validity indicator is provided wherein each validity indicator indicates a subset of the elements in the corresponding vector register which are valid. A chunk-validation controller is coupled to the validity indicators operable to adjust a value of the validity indicator in response to a plurality of elements becoming valid. An arithmetic logical functional unit (ALFU) is coupled to the vector registers to execute functions specified by program instructions.

Abstract: Conventional scanners used in thermal imagers scan the image along curved lines rather than straight lines, resulting in image curvature in the display. The invention eliminates this by processing the video signal from the scanner to compose an output video signal which represents scanning along straight lines (18) across the image. The output signal is composed of a number of successive portions (A to F) each derived from a different line or lines of the video signal provided by the scanner.