Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing a solid lignocellulosic material (1), referred to as a composite material, seeded with at least one organism (2), referred to as a filamentous fungus, which is a mycelium-forming multicellular eukaryote, in which: at least one solid lignocellulosic material (3) impregnated with an aqueous composition (5) is subjected to a treatment (6), known as a thermomechanical treatment, in which said at least one impregnated lignocellulosic material (3) is subjected to a succession of mechanical compression, expansion and shearing phases by blending at least one solid lignocellulosic material (4) of said at least one impregnated lignocellulosic material (3), in contact with the aqueous composition (5); said at least one impregnated lignocellulosic material (3) is brought to a temperature above 50° C.

Abstract: Several configurations of dispenser attachments are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the dispenser attachment comprises an inlet configured to couple with a container, and at least a first outlet and a second outlet, wherein the first outlet and the second outlet are in fluid communication with the inlet. The dispenser attachment further includes at least a first cap and a second cap, wherein the first cap is configured to removably couple with the first outlet and the second cap is configured to removably couple with the second outlet. The dispenser attachment may be integrally formed with the container and may allow for several users to share a common container while reducing likelihood of germ transfer between the users via the common container.

Abstract: A method for joint replacement is provided. A representation of a first bone is created, and a representation of a second bone is created. Bone preparation for implanting a first implant on the first bone is planned. The first bone to receive the first implant is prepared by manipulating a surgical tool to sculpt the first bone. Bone preparation for implanting a second implant on the second bone after preparing the first bone is planned. The second bone to receive the second implant is prepared by manipulating the surgical tool to sculpt the second bone.

Abstract: A surgical apparatus includes a surgical device, configured to be manipulated by a user to perform a procedure on a patient, and a computer system. The computer system is programmed to create a representation of an anatomy of a patient; to associate the anatomy and a surgical device with the representation of the anatomy; to manipulate the surgical device to perform a procedure on a patient by moving a portion of the surgical device in a region of the anatomy; to control the surgical device to provide at least one of haptic guidance and a limit on manipulation of the surgical device, based on a relationship between the representation of the anatomy and at least one of a position, an orientation, a velocity, and an acceleration of a portion of the surgical device; and to adjust the representation of the anatomy in response to movement of the anatomy during the procedure.

Abstract: A surgical planning method is provided. A representation of a bone of a joint is created. The joint is moved to a first position. A first point corresponding to a first location in the joint is identified when the joint is in the first position. The joint is moved to a second position. A second point corresponding to a second location in the joint is identified, when the joint is in the second position. Bone preparation for implanting an implant on the bone is planned based at least in part on the first and second points.

Abstract: A surgical apparatus includes a surgical device, configured to be manipulated by a user to perform a procedure on a patient, and a computer system. The computer system is programmed to implement control parameters for controlling the surgical device to provide at least one of haptic guidance to the user and a limit on user manipulation of the surgical device, based on a relationship between an anatomy of the patient and at least one of a position, an orientation, a velocity, and an acceleration of a portion of the surgical device, and to adjust the control parameters in response to movement of the anatomy during the procedure.

Abstract: A surgical planning method is provided. A height of a cartilage surface above a bone is detected. A representation of the bone and a representation of the height of the cartilage surface is created. Bone preparation for implanting an implant on the bone is planned based at least in part on the detected height of the cartilage surface.

Abstract: A surgical apparatus includes a surgical device, configured to be manipulated by a user to perform a procedure on a patient, and a computer system. The computer system is programmed to create a representation of an anatomy of a patient; to associate the anatomy and a surgical device with the representation of the anatomy; to manipulate the surgical device to perform a procedure on a patient by moving a portion of the surgical device in a region of the anatomy; to control the surgical device to provide at least one of haptic guidance and a limit on manipulation of the surgical device, based on a relationship between the representation of the anatomy and at least one of a position, an orientation, a velocity, and an acceleration of a portion of the surgical device; and to adjust the representation of the anatomy in response to movement of the anatomy during the procedure.

Abstract: A method for joint replacement is provided. A representation of a first bone is created, and a representation of a second bone is created. Bone preparation for implanting a first implant on the first bone is planned. The first bone to receive the first implant is prepared by manipulating a surgical tool to sculpt the first bone. Bone preparation for implanting a second implant on the second bone after preparing the first bone is planned. The second bone to receive the second implant is prepared by manipulating the surgical tool to sculpt the second bone.

Abstract: A surgical planning method is provided. A representation of a bone of a joint is created. The joint is moved to a first position. A first point corresponding to a first location in the joint is identified when the joint is in the first position. The joint is moved to a second position. A second point corresponding to a second location in the joint is identified, when the joint is in the second position. Bone preparation for implanting an implant on the bone is planned based at least in part on the first and second points.

Abstract: A surgical apparatus includes a surgical device, configured to be manipulated by a user to perform a procedure on a patient, and a computer system. The computer system is programmed to implement control parameters for controlling the surgical device to provide at least one of haptic guidance to the user and a limit on user manipulation of the surgical device, based on a relationship between an anatomy of the patient and at least one of a position, an orientation, a velocity, and an acceleration of a portion of the surgical device, and to adjust the control parameters in response to movement of the anatomy during the procedure.

Abstract: Two fluoroscopic images taken from two different angles of the same anatomical feature are registered to a common three-dimensional coordinate system. A dimension of the anatomical feature is determined by specifying with reference to the two registered fluoroscopic images two constrained points within the three-dimensional coordinate system that correspond to the boundaries of the anatomical feature, and calculating a straight-line distance between the two. Additionally, a three-dimensional virtual model of an implant is projected into each of two, registered fluoroscopic image, and a surgeon manipulates the projections to adjust the size and shape of the virtual model, and thereby determine parameters for the implant.