Abstract: An additively manufactured header for a heat exchanger includes a header body. The header body includes a base and a top opposite the base. The base is open and configured for connection to a heat exchanger core. The additively manufactured header further includes a tube extending from the top of the header body and a flange formed on the tube. The header body, the tube, and the flange are all additively manufactured together.

Abstract: An additively manufactured header for a heat exchanger includes a header body. The header body includes a base and a top opposite the base. The base is open and configured for connection to a heat exchanger core. The additively manufactured header further includes a tube extending from the top of the header body and a flange formed on the tube. The header body, the tube, and the flange are all additively manufactured together.

Abstract: An end cap for a fuel filter includes a metal body with a first surface opposite a second surface. A hole extends through the first surface and the second surface of the body. A metal spring is connected to the first surface of the metal body and extends at least partially over the hole.

Abstract: A bypass system has a source of a fluid to be cooled and a heat exchanger for selectively cooling fluid. A piston is moveable along an axis allowing movement of a valve poppet toward and away from the valve seat. The piston moves with a rigid seal carrier. The rigid seal carrier and the piston move within a valve housing. A wax element is disposed on an opposed axial side of the rigid seal carrier relative to a chamber, such that the wax element expands as a temperature of the fluid to be cooled increases, and causes the valve poppet to move against the valve seat. A bypass valve is also disclosed.

Abstract: A bypass system has a source of a fluid to be cooled and a heat exchanger for selectively cooling fluid. A piston is moveable along an axis allowing movement of a valve poppet toward and away from the valve seat. The piston contacts a boot. A wax element is disposed in a chamber, such that the wax element expands as a temperature of the fluid to be cooled increases, and causes the valve poppet to move against the valve seat. The boot has wax separator structures. A bypass valve is also disclosed.

Abstract: A bypass system has a source of a fluid to be cooled and a heat exchanger for selectively cooling fluid. A piston is moveable along an axis allowing movement of a valve poppet toward and away from the valve seat. The piston contacts a boot. A wax element is disposed in a chamber, such that the wax element expands as a temperature of the fluid to be cooled increases, and causes the valve poppet to move against the valve seat. The boot has wax separator structures. A bypass valve is also disclosed.

Abstract: A bypass system has a source of a fluid to be cooled and a heat exchanger for selectively cooling the fluid. A bypass valve is mounted on a line to selectively bypass the fluid prior to reaching the heat exchanger. The bypass valve includes a valve poppet, a valve seat, a piston, a valve housing and a wax portion. A piston is moveable along an axis and allows movement of the valve poppet toward and away from the valve seat. The piston moves within a valve housing. A wax portion expands as a temperature increases, and causes the valve poppet to move against the valve seat. The wax portion cools if the temperature lowers such that the valve poppet moves away from the valve seat. There is a sealing surface on the valve poppet in sealing contact with the valve seat. The sealing surface is part-circular in a plane in which the axis lies. A bypass valve is also disclosed.

Abstract: A bypass system has a source of a fluid to be cooled and a heat exchanger for selectively cooling fluid. A piston is moveable along an axis allowing movement of a valve poppet toward and away from the valve seat. The piston moves with a rigid seal carrier. The rigid seal carrier and the piston move within a valve housing. A wax element is disposed on an opposed axial side of the rigid seal carrier relative to a chamber, such that the wax element expands as a temperature of the fluid to be cooled increases, and causes the valve poppet to move against the valve seat. A bypass valve is also disclosed.

Abstract: An end cap for a fuel filter includes a metal body with a first surface opposite a second surface. A hole extends through the first surface and the second surface of the body. A metal spring is connected to the first surface of the metal body and extends at least partially over the hole.

Abstract: An electromechanical solenoid includes a wall defining an internal cavity, and an armature that is situated within the internal cavity and extends along a longitudinal axis. A winding is disposed radially outward of the wall and at least partially surrounds the armature. The winding is configured to provide an electromagnetic field when the winding is energized that moves the armature along the longitudinal axis within the cavity. A cross section of the armature perpendicular to the longitudinal axis has a shape that restricts rotation of the armature about the longitudinal axis within the cavity.