Abstract: An electrode structure is provided for feeding a solute sample to a capillary electrophoresis separation process. The apparatus comprises a conductive plate connected to an electrical lead and an absorbent layer wet with an electrolyte solution and positioned on the plate. A membrane containing a sample is positioned on the absorbent layer in contact with an entrance end of a capillary tube forming part of the separation process. The sample is fed to the entrance part by electromigration and/or electrosmosis under the influence of an electric field induced by an electrode.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for converting rotational motion to linear motion which includes a screw shaft and nut surrounding the screw shaft, each having a helical thread. A plurality of threaded planetary rollers is interposed between and in contact with the threads of the screw shaft and nut. The screw shaft has a different number of starts than the number of starts on the nut.

Abstract: Apparatus for metering liquids in controlled proportions and for delivering the resultant mixture to a point of use. The disclosed apparatus is particularly suitable for use in liquid chromatography applications. In one embodiment a plurality of reservoirs each containing a liquid to be mixed are connected through respective hydraulic accumulators to a switching valve arrangement for modulating solvent composition to the inlet of a high pressure pump. A flow and composition controller sequentially activates each of the switching valves such that the non-uniformity associated with the pump draw stroke is effectively averaged over several cycles of switching valve actuation. Such averaging is accomplished by generating and maintaining a fixed relationship between switching valve cycles and pump cycles which ideally is expressed as a non-integer ratio.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for converting rotational motion to linear motion which includes a screw shaft and nut surrounding the screw shaft, each having a helical thread. A plurality of threaded planetary rollers is interposed between and in contact with the threads of the screw shaft and nut. A secondary locking thread-locking threaded path system is formed on two adjacent or all of the screw shaft, nut and planetary rollers to provide stable rotation and to maintain the planetary rollers in place. The screw shaft can have the same or a different number of starts than the number of starts on the nut.

Abstract: A fused glass refractometer cell is disclosed in which a lens is formed by the front surface of the cell and a reflective surface is applied to the rear surface of the cell. Means are provided to limit the passage of light through the cell to the central portion of the cell.

Abstract: Apparatus for measuring changes in a physical property of a flowing fluid, including a cell through which the fluid flows, the cell having an inlet and an outlet, an inlet tube connected to the inlet of the cell, for delivering the flowing fluid to the cell, and an outlet tube connected to the outlet of the cell, for transporting the flowing fluid away from the cell, the inlet and outlet tubes being mounted in heat-exchanging relationship with each other, so as to transfer heat between the incoming and outgoing fluid and thereby reduce any temperature difference between the incoming fluid and the cell.

Abstract: Apparatus of the type including a light source directing a light beam through a measurement zone to a detector, wherein movement of the beam in a measurement direction with respect to the detector gives an indication of the measurement made in the zone, the improvement wherein the position of the beam with respect to the measurement zone is modulated through a preselected amplitude in a modulation direction, the amplitude being independent of light beam movements at the light source or in the path of the beam between the source and the modulating means, whereby the measurement can be made substantially independent of the beam movements in the modulating direction.

Abstract: Apparatus for measuring deflection of a light beam by sensing the beam with means providing two optical measurements, and providing an electrical output dependent upon the difference between the two measurements, with the instantaneous magnitude of each measurement being dependent upon the instantaneous deflection of the beam and upon the instantaneous intensity of the beam, the apparatus including electrical circuitry for including in the output an offset term dependent upon a scale factor and upon the instantaneous magnitude of at least one of the measurements, thereby making the offset term dependent upon the instantaneous intensity of the light beam, and means for initially zeroing the apparatus by adjusting the scale factor so as to make the output equal to a predetermined base value, whereby changes in the measurements due to changes in light beam intensity are offset by corresponding changes in the offset term, so as to thereby reduce the influence of beam intensity on the output.

Abstract: A torque responsive apparatus for controlling a fluid actuated control device includes a first shaft connected to a drive motor and a second shaft connected to the first shaft through a coupling device that controls fluid pressure in a hydraulic control system whereby torque delivered to the coupling device effects shifting of the coupling member to vary the size of an opening through which a control fluid is being passed whereby a change in fluid pressure will result which is proportional to the torque of the first shaft.