Abstract: A system includes an array of comparators configured to convert an analog input to a digital output, a switch configured to adjust output bits of the digital output, and a control logic; the control logic is configured to initialize the switch and a direct-current source coupled to the analog input; the control logic is configured to increase the direct-current source in incremental steps of a minimal voltage value corresponding to the least significant bit of the digital output; and the control input is also configured to cause the switch to adjust one or more output bits of the digital output based at least in part on a value of the output bit corresponding to the current incremental step.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a circuit comprises a first pair of elements, a second pair of elements, a combiner, and a signal output. Each element in the first and second pair of elements comprises an amplitude-control input for receiving an amplitude-control bit, a phase-control input for receiving a phase-control bit, a signal input for receiving an input signal, a modulator for producing an output signal based on the amplitude-control bit, the phase-control bit, and the input signal, and an signal output for transmitting the output signal to the combiner. The combiner combines the two output signals from the first and second pair of elements to produce an output signal for the circuit to be transmitted by the signal output of the circuit.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a circuit comprises a first pair of elements, a second pair of elements, a combiner, and a signal output. Each element in the first and second pair of elements comprises an amplitude-control input for receiving an amplitude-control bit, a phase-control input for receiving a phase-control bit, a signal input for receiving an input signal, a modulator for producing an output signal based on the amplitude-control bit, the phase-control bit, and the input signal, and an signal output for transmitting the output signal to the combiner. The combiner combines the two output signals from the first and second pair of elements to produce an output signal for the circuit to be transmitted by the signal output of the circuit.