Abstract: A vehicle configured to operate independently from fossil fuel power sources. The vehicle includes a battery, a solar cell, and an electric motor operably connected to the internal combustion engine. The vehicle includes multiple supplemental power sources, including wheel induction generators and the inertial generators, configured to recapture of the portion expended to operate the vehicle, reducing the amount of electrical energy required to be generated by the solar cell. Each of the induction generators includes an induction coil and a plurality of magnets positioned about each of the hubs of the wheels. Rotation of the plurality of magnets about the induction coil from when the vehicle is in motion generates an electrical current in the induction coil. The inertial generators can be directly connected to the electric motor or in electrical communication with the battery.

Abstract: Menstrual fluid simulants may consistently emulate the physical characteristics of real menstrual fluid, including but not limited to, viscosity, stringiness, surface tension and size and concentration of particulate matter. In addition, the constituents comprising the menstrual fluid simulants may be changed in order to mimic the variations in real menstrual fluid observed from woman to woman and from an individual woman over time. The menstrual fluid simulants are of use in the testing of personal care absorbent products.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to a device that has an improved usable lifetime due to the presence of a lubricant that reduces the likelihood of stiction occurring between the various moving parts in an electromechanical device. Embodiments of the present invention also generally include a device, and a method of forming a device, that has one or more surfaces or regions that have a volume of lubricant disposed thereon that acts as a ready supply of “fresh” lubricant to prevent stiction occurring between interacting components found within the device. In one aspect, components within the volume of lubricant form a gas or vapor phase that reduces the chances of stiction-related failure in the formed device. In one example, aspects of this invention may be especially useful for fabricating and using micromechanical devices, such as MEMS devices, NEMS devices, or other similar thermal or fluidic devices.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to a device that has an improved usable lifetime due to the presence of a lubricant that reduces the likelihood of stiction occurring between the various moving parts in an electromechanical device. Embodiments of the present invention also generally include a device, and a method of forming a device, that has one or more surfaces or regions that have a volume of lubricant disposed thereon that acts as a ready supply of “fresh” lubricant to prevent stiction occurring between interacting components found within the device. In one aspect, components within the volume of lubricant form a gas or vapor phase that reduces the chances of stiction-related failure in the formed device. In one example, aspects of this invention may be especially useful for fabricating and using micromechanical devices, such as MEMS devices, NEMS devices, or other similar thermal or fluidic devices.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide secure virtual-machine monitors and secure, base-level operating systems that, in turn, provide secure execution environments for guest operating systems and certain special functions that can interface directly to base-level operating systems. Security is accomplished by employing a small, verifiable component of a secure foundation that executes at highest privilege between the hardware interface and the virtual-machine monitor. The virtual-machine monitor and secure foundation employ virtual-machine-monitor-resident guest-operating-system monitors, memory compartmentalization, and authenticated calls to securely isolate computational entities from one another within the computer system.

Abstract: A display system includes a light source and a first optical system coupled to the light source and adapted to provide an illumination beam along an illumination path. The display system also includes a spatial light modulator positioned in the illumination path. The spatial light modulator includes a semiconductor substrate including a plurality of electrode devices and a hinge structure coupled to the semiconductor substrate. The hinge structure includes silicon material. The spatial light modulator also includes a mirror post coupled to the hinge structure and extending to a predetermined distance from the semiconductor substrate and a mirror plate coupled to the mirror post and overlying the plurality of electrode devices. The display system further includes a second optical system coupled to the spatial light modulator and adapted to project an image onto a projection surface.

Abstract: An optical deflection device for a display application. The optical deflection device includes a semiconductor substrate including an upper surface region and one or more electrode devices provided overlying the upper surface region. The optical deflection device also includes a hinge device including a silicon material and coupled to the upper surface region. The optical deflection device further includes a spacing defined between the upper surface region and the hinge device and a mirror structure including a post portion coupled to the hinge device and a mirror plate portion coupled to the post portion and overlying the hinge device.

Abstract: An apparatus for displaying text on rear roll-up door of a truck comprises a flexible display sheet and a resilient lower anchoring assembly. The display sheet bears text or graphic indicia printed on it or otherwise applied to it and has extending across its bottom edge an elongated pocket with a plurality of transverse openings. The top edge of the sheet is secured to the outer surface of the roll-up-type truck door. The resilient lower anchoring assembly comprises an elongated substantially rigid member received within the elongated pocket and a plurality of spring members. Each spring member is secured at a first end to the elongated rigid member and at a second end to outer surface of the truck door, and passes through one of the transverse openings.

Abstract: Methods and techniques are provided for implementing a queued, asynchronous application programming interface (API) for network communications. According to one embodiment, the API provides (i) a system abstraction representing a connection between a local machine and a remote machine, and (ii) multiple routines accessible to applications for operating on connections. The connections instantiated by applications based upon the system abstraction are capable of providing full duplex communication channels between their respective local machines and remote machines. The routines define operations and parameters to establish, accept, read, write and close the connections.

Abstract: A multiplexed pixel display includes a plurality of pixel electrodes, a plurality of storage elements, a first voltage supply terminal, a second voltage supply terminal, a common electrode, and a plurality of multiplexers each selectively coupling an associated one of the pixel electrodes with one of the first voltage supply terminal and the second voltage supply terminal responsive to a value of a data bit stored in an associated one of said storage elements. A controller is configured to sequentially write each bit of multi-bit data words to the storage elements, and assert, while each bit is stored in the storage elements, a first predetermined voltage on the first voltage supply terminal, a second predetermined voltage on the second voltage supply terminal, and a third predetermined voltage on the common electrode, for a time dependent on the significance of the stored bit. Various alternate controllers facilitate the use of additional driving schemes.

Abstract: In various embodiments of the present invention, execution-state transitions occur in a first portion of a system, and a cumulative execution state for each process is maintained by a second portion of the system so that, when a second-portion routine is called, the second-portion routine can determine whether or not the current execution state is suitable for execution of the second-portion routine. In various embodiments, a callpoint log, allocated and maintained for each process, stores the cumulative execution state for the process. In one embodiment, the first portion is an operating system, and the second portion is a secure kernel, with the cumulative execution state used by the secure kernel to prevent unauthorized access by erroneously or maliciously invoked operating-system routines to secure kernel routines. In another embodiment, the cumulative execution state is used as a debugging tool by the second-portion routines to catch errors in the implementation of the first-portion routines.