Abstract: A hydraulic driving system for vehicles having separate drives for each wheel. The system includes a plurality of hydraulic motors connected in parallel to high-pressure and suction ports of a pump. At least one restrictor having a non-linear response is connected in the parallel supply conduits branching to respective hydraulic motors, to limit the flow rate when a motor operates under unloaded conditions.

Abstract: A fluid-operated supporting arrangement has fluid-operated supporting elements connected with a further fluid element by pairs of connecting conduits, and a safety element associated with the further fluid element and arranged so that the connecting conduits of each of the pairs of connecting conduits are open separately into the further fluid element, and the safety element has two pressure-controlled closing members each arranged to close a respective one of the connecting conduits of the respective pair of connecting conduits. A conduit breakage safety device is provided with two separate passages each separately communicating a respective one of two connecting conduits of each of the pairs with a further fluid element, and two pressure-controlled closing members each arranged to close a respective one of the passages.

Abstract: The angle each of a plurality of individually controllable wheels is to make with the lengthwise axis of a vehicle is controlled by a force responsive to the difference between a desired and actual position signal for each of the wheels, the former being furnished as a function of the angle of rotation of the steering wheel. The actual and desired position signals are furnished by code wheels coded in the absolute angle value of the desired or actual wheel position signals. In a first embodiment, the code wheels have a linear transfer characteristic. The control system includes a computer to convert one of the signals to a tangent or arctangent function and a comparator for comparing the converted signals to the other of the two sensed signals.