Abstract: In some embodiments, the present disclosure pertains to a method for retrieving at least one molecular recognition element in a fixed tissue. In some embodiments the method comprises preparing a solution comprising at least one aldehyde-scavenging agent. In some embodiments, the method comprises contacting the fixed tissue with the solution. In some embodiments, the tissue is fixed with an aldehyde-based cross-linking agent. In some embodiments, a reaction of the aldehyde-scavenging agent with the aldehydes comprising the cross-linking agent retrieves the at least one molecular recognition element. In some embodiments, the at least one molecular recognition element comprises of amino acids, peptides, proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, lipids, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: In some embodiments, the present disclosure pertains to a method for retrieving at least one molecular recognition element in a fixed tissue. In some embodiments the method comprises preparing a solution comprising at least one aldehyde-scavenging agent. In some embodiments, the method comprises contacting the fixed tissue with the solution. In some embodiments, the tissue is fixed with an aldehyde-based cross-linking agent. In some embodiments, a reaction of the aldehyde-scavenging agent with the aldehydes comprising the cross-linking agent retrieves the at least one molecular recognition element. In some embodiments, the at least one molecular recognition element comprises of amino acids, peptides, proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, lipids, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: In some embodiments, the present disclosure pertains to a method for retrieving at least one molecular recognition element in a fixed tissue. In some embodiments the method comprises preparing a solution comprising at least one aldehyde-scavenging agent. In some embodiments, the method comprises contacting the fixed tissue with the solution. In some embodiments, the tissue is fixed with an aldehyde-based cross-linking agent. In some embodiments, a reaction of the aldehyde-scavenging agent with the aldehydes comprising the cross-linking agent retrieves the at least one molecular recognition element. In some embodiments, the at least one molecular recognition element comprises of amino acids, peptides, proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, lipids, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: In some embodiments, the present disclosure pertains to a method for retrieving at least one molecular recognition element in a fixed tissue. In some embodiments the method comprises preparing a solution comprising at least one aldehyde-scavenging agent. In some embodiments, the method comprises contacting the fixed tissue with the solution. In some embodiments, the tissue is fixed with an aldehyde-based cross-linking agent. In some embodiments, a reaction of the aldehyde-scavenging agent with the aldehydes comprising the cross-linking agent retrieves the at least one molecular recognition t. In some embodiments, the at least one rolecular recognition element comprises of amino acids, peptides, proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, lipids, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods, compounds, mixtures and formulations of antigen retrieval agent useful in retrieving antigens and improving the detection of amino acids, peptides and proteins or epitopes thereon in a tissue fixed with aldehyde-based cross-linking agents. Contacting the fixed tissue with a solution of the aldehyde scavenging agent causes reactivity with the aldehyde moieties to retrieve antigens and improve detection of the amino acids, peptides and proteins or epitopes. Also provided are kits comprising the antigen retrieval agent and, optionally, components for staining or detecting the proteins or the antigens or epitopes and instructions for using the kit. Further provided is a method for identifying an antigen retrieval agent. A fixed protein is contacted with an agent to be tested and heated in solution therewith. Detection of protein peaks via mass spectrometry indicates the tested agent is an antigen retrieval agent.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods, compounds, mixtures and formulations of antigen retrieval agent useful in retrieving antigens and improving the detection of amino acids, peptides and proteins or epitopes thereon in a tissue fixed with aldehyde-based cross-linking agents. Contacting the fixed tissue with a solution of the aldehyde scavenging agent causes reactivity with the aldehyde moieties to retrieve antigens and improve detection of the amino acids, peptides and proteins or epitopes. Also provided are kits comprising the antigen retrieval agent and, optionally, components for staining or detecting the proteins or the antigens or epitopes and instructions for using the kit. Further provided is a method for identifying an antigen retrieval agent. A fixed protein is contacted with an agent to be tested and heated in solution therewith. Detection of protein peaks via mass spectrometry indicates the tested agent is an antigen retrieval agent.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel arylalkyl cyclic amine derivatives. This invention also relates to chemokine receptor antagonists that are be effective as therapeutic agents and/or preventive agents for diseases such as atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, transplant rejection, psoriasis, asthma, ulcerative colitis, glomerulonephritis, multiple sclerosis, pulmonary fibrosis, and myocarditis, in which tissue infiltration of blood monocytes and lymphocytes plays a major role in the initiation, progression or maintenance of the disease. Furthermore, chemokine receptor antagonists also inhibit the interaction of viruses, which attack blood monocytes and lymphocytes, through the use of a chemokine receptor. One such example is the HIV virus.

Abstract: Cyclic diamines of formula (I) or their pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salts, and their medical applications are described. These compounds inhibit the action of chemokines such as MIP-1a and/or MCP-1 on target cells, and are useful as a therapeutic drug and/or preventative drug in diseases, such as atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and the like where blood monocytes and lymphocytes infiltrate into tissue.

Abstract: A compound represented by the general formula (I), a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable C1-C6 alkyl addition salt thereof, and their medical applications. These compounds inhibit the action of chemokines such as MIP-1&agr; and/or MCP-1 on target cells, and are useful as therapeutic and/or preventative drugs in diseases, such as atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and the like where blood monocytes and lymphocytes infiltrate into tissues.

Abstract: A compound represented by the general formula (I), a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable C1-C6 alkyl addition salt thereof, and their medical applications. These compounds inhibit the action of chemokines such as MIP-1&agr; and/or MCP-1 on target cells, and are useful as therapeutic and/or preventative drugs in diseases, such as atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and the like where blood monocytes and lymphocytes infiltrate into tissues.

Abstract: A compound represented by the general formula (I), a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable C1-C6 alkyl addition salt thereof, and their medical applications. These compounds inhibit the action of chemokines such as MIP-1&agr; and/or MCP-1 on target cells, and are useful as therapeutic and/or preventative drugs in diseases, such as atheroclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and the like where blood monocytes and lymphocytes infiltrate into tissues.