Abstract: The present invention relates to the conversion of flue gas to valuable products, in particular to the conversion of carbon dioxide in flue gas to liquid fuels and valuable carbons in a carbon negative manner.

Abstract: A process is disclosed that converts flue gas carbon dioxide to liquid fuels with the aid of biomass and methane. This process incorporates biomass pyrolysis, and gasification of the renewable carbon obtained from this pyrolysis with carbon dioxide and methane in two separate gasification reactors. The gasification reactions occur optionally in the presence of microwave energy. Water, liquid fuels and a sequesterable carbon are expected to be the primary products in this carbon negative process.

Abstract: A process is disclosed that converts flue gas carbon dioxide to liquid fuels with the aid of biomass and methane. This process incorporates biomass pyrolysis, and gasification of the renewable carbon obtained from this pyrolysis with carbon dioxide and methane in two separate gasification reactors. The gasification reactions occur optionally in the presence of microwave energy. Water, liquid fuels and a sequesterable carbon are expected to be the primary products in this carbon negative process.

Abstract: In accordance with one embodiment, a process is described for a water treatment process in which process water is treated with recycled biochar. In accordance with one aspect, process water is passed through activated carbon generated by the biomass pyrolysis and gasification. In accordance with another aspect, the process water is treated to expel gaseous compounds within the process water. In this manner both inorganics, light organics and heavy organics can be removed from the process water. No fermentation is involved.

Abstract: A method of producing a modified biochar and the use of the biochar as a soil amendment. The modified biochar can be produced by contacting biochar with an acid-containing solution obtained from an acid containing stream produced in a pyrolysis process, which produces biochar. In accordance with one aspect, a cellulose-containing biomass is pyrolyzed to generate a gaseous organic acid-containing stream, which is condensed to produce an organic acid-containing solution. The biochar is then modified by contact with the organic acid-containing solution.

Abstract: A method of producing a modified biochar and the use of the biochar as a soil amendment. The modified biochar can be produced by contacting biochar with an acid-containing solution obtained from an acid containing stream produced in a pyrolysis process, which produces biochar. In accordance with one aspect, a cellulose-containing biomass is pyrolyzed to generate a gaseous organic acid-containing stream, which is condensed to produce an organic acid-containing solution. The biochar is then modified by contact with the organic acid-containing solution.

Abstract: A method is described for reducing the carbon footprint of any commercially important industrial conversion process. The output of this conversion process can be combustible fuels, chemicals, electricity or heat energy. In its broadest form, a carbon negative module outputs energy to a conversion energy and this energy replaces conventional fossil-fuel based energy. A sequesterable carbonaceous solid is produced by the carbon negative process which represents a net carbon withdrawal from the atmosphere.

Abstract: In accordance with one embodiment, a process is described for a water treatment process in which process water is treated with recycled biochar. In accordance with one aspect, process water is passed through activated carbon generated by the biomass pyrolysis and gasification. In accordance with another aspect, the process water is treated to expel gaseous compounds within the process water. In this manner both inorganics, light organics and heavy organics can be removed from the process water. No fermentation is involved.

Abstract: A method is described for reducing the carbon footprint of any commercially important industrial conversion process. The output of this conversion process can be combustible fuels, chemicals, electricity or heat energy. In its broadest form, a carbon negative module outputs energy to a conversion energy and this energy replaces conventional fossil-fuel based energy. A sequesterable carbonaceous solid is produced by the carbon negative process which represents a net carbon withdrawal from the atmosphere.

Abstract: In accordance with one embodiment, a process is described for a water treatment process in which water produced from a fuel production process is treated with recycled biochar. In accordance with one aspect, process water is passed through activated carbon generated by the biomass pyrolysis and gasification. In accordance with another aspect, the process water is treated to expel gaseous compounds within the process water. In this manner both inorganics, light organics and heavy organics can be removed from the process water. No fermentation is involved.

Abstract: In accordance with one embodiment, a process is described for a water treatment process in which water produced from a fuel production process is treated with recycled biochar. In accordance with one aspect, process water is passed through activated carbon generated by the biomass pyrolysis and gasification. In accordance with another aspect, the process water is treated to expel gaseous compounds within the process water. In this manner both inorganics, light organics and heavy organics can be removed from the process water. No fermentation is involved.

Abstract: A method of producing a modified biochar and the use of the biochar as a soil amendment. The modified biochar can be produced by contacting biochar with an acid-containing solution obtained from an acid containing stream produced in a pyrolysis process, which produces biochar. In accordance with one aspect, a cellulose-containing biomass is pyrolyzed to generate a gaseous organic acid-containing stream, which is condensed to produce an organic acid-containing solution. The biochar is then modified by contact with the organic acid-containing solution.

Abstract: A method is described for reducing the carbon footprint of any commercially important industrial conversion process. The output of this conversion process can be combustible fuels, chemicals, electricity or heat energy. In its broadest form, a carbon negative module outputs energy to a conversion energy and this energy replaces conventional fossil-fuel based energy. A sequesterable carbonaceous solid is produced by the carbon negative process which represents a net carbon withdrawal from the atmosphere.

Abstract: An air cathode for a metal-air battery is disclosed which contains a catalyst chosen to make the metal air battery more easily rechargeable. This catalyst is based on cobalt phosphate, cobalt borate mixed metal cobalt phosphates, mixed metal cobalt borates, or mixed metal cobalt phosphate borates.

Abstract: A motor system is described that sequesters ambient carbon dioxide to a removable carbonate salt by reacting ambient carbon dioxide with an alkali metal hydroxide. The carbon dioxide is aspirated by a turbo-generator that receives exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine. The turbo-generator produces electricity to form the hydroxide in situ from the electrolysis of water in a salt solution.

Abstract: A system is demonstrated which captures carbon dioxide from the atmosphere by introducing air into the vehicle at high speeds and reacting such air with hydroxide-containing material. System comprises means for introducing air into vehicle, means for reacting the air in reaction vessels and means for stopping the carbon dioxide scrubbing once a predetermined carbonate concentration is reached in the solution.

Abstract: An air cathode for a metal-air battery is disclosed which contains a catalyst chosen to make the metal air battery more easily rechargeable. This catalyst is based on cobalt phosphate, cobalt borate mixed metal cobalt phosphates, mixed metal cobalt borates, or mixed metal cobalt phosphate borates.

Abstract: A separator suitable for alkaline cells or alkaline fuel cells is described that contains on the surface a copolymer of a hydrophobic PTFE component and a hydrophilic PVA-component. This separator resists silver oxidation, peroxide oxidation and provides high hydroxyl conductivity.

Abstract: An efficient novel motor is described which works with hydrogen. The motor has 2 compressible chambers for better control of fuel and oxidant ratios. A turbogenerator is utilized to ventilate interior and exterior parts as well as generate electricity to transform waste water into fuel.

Abstract: A motor system is described that sequesters ambient carbon dioxide to a removable carbonate salt by reacting ambient carbon dioxide with an alkali metal hydroxide. The carbon dioxide is aspirated by a turbo-generator that receives exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine. The turbo-generator produces electricity to form the hydroxide in situ from the electrolysis of water in a salt solution.