Abstract: The present invention provides HIV-1 vaccine immunogens. Some of the immunogens contain a soluble gp140-derived protein that harbors a modified N-terminus of the HR1 region in gp41. Some of the immunogens contain an HIV-1 Env-derived trimer protein that is presented on a nanoparticle platform. The invention also provides methods of using the HIV-1 vaccine immunogens for eliciting an immune response or treating HIV infections.

Abstract: In response to a request to access a database, a decision is made that a secondary data structure associated with the database needs rebuilding. A reason why the secondary data structure needs rebuilding is determined and the reason is presented via a user interface. In various embodiments, other information may also be presented, such as an identification of the operation associated with the request that encountered the secondary data structure and an identification of a most recent query that used the secondary data structure. In this way, the user may be informed of the reason why a secondary data structure needs rebuilding, so that the user may opt to take action to prevent secondary data structures from needing rebuilding in the future, and thus avoid the expense and time of rebuilding the secondary data structures.