Abstract: A method for diagnosing a genetic predisposition in a subject for diseases, disorders or conditions including a diabetic kidney complication such as kidney disease of type 2 diabetes or type 1 diabetes, end stage renal disease (ESRD) due to type 2 diabetes, ESRD due to hypertension in type 2 diabetes, ESRD due to type 1 diabetes; cardiovascular diseases due to type 2 diabetes or type 1 diabetes such as atherosclerotic peripheral vascular disease, hypertension, ischemic cardiomyopathy, and myocardial infarction due to type 2 diabetes or type 1 diabetes; and cerebrovascular accident due to type 2 diabetes. At least one polynucleotide is analyzed to detect a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), in which the presence of the single nucleotide polymorphism indicates that the subject is suffering from, at risk for, or suspected of suffering from the diseases, disorders or conditions. Also provided is an array or kit for diagnosing the genetic predisposition.

Abstract: A method for detecting a Chinese diabetic subject suffering from, at risk for developing, or suspected of suffering from a nephropathy. The method includes determining whether a sample from the subject has at least one of the following polymorphic sequences: an I/D genotype of an ACE gene, an M235T genotype of an AGT gene, a (CA)n-5?(z?2) genotype of an ALR2 gene, an C106T genotype of an ALR2 gene in the promoter region, a G-308A genotype of a TNF-? gene, or a complement thereof, provided that the ALR2 gene cannot be used alone, in which the presence of the polymorphic sequence indicates the subject suffering from, at risk for suffering from a nephropathy. An array for detecting a Chinese diabetic subject suffering from, or at risk for suffering from, a nephropathy.

Abstract: A method for detecting a Chinese diabetic subject suffering from, at risk for developing, or suspected of suffering from a nephropathy. The method includes determining whether a sample from the subject has at least one of the following polymorphic sequences: an I/D genotype of an ACE gene, an M235T genotype of an AGT gene, a (CA)n-5?(z?2) genotype of an ALR2 gene, an C106T genotype of an ALR2 gene in the promoter region, a G-308A genotype of a TNF-? gene, or a complement thereof, provided that the ALR2 gene cannot be used alone, in which the presence of the polymorphic sequence indicates the subject suffering from, at risk for suffering from a nephropathy. An array for detecting a Chinese diabetic subject suffering from, or at risk for suffering from, a nephropathy.

Abstract: A method for detecting a Chinese diabetic subject suffering from, at risk for developing, or suspected of suffering from a nephropathy. The method includes determining whether a sample from the subject has at least one of the following polymorphic sequences: an I/D genotype of an ACE gene, an M235T genotype of an AGT gene, a (CA)n-5?(z?2) genotype of an ALR2 gene, an C106T genotype of an ALR2 gene in the promoter region, a G-308A genotype of a TNF-? gene, or a complement thereof, provided that the ALR2 gene cannot be used alone, in which the presence of the polymorphic sequence indicates the subject suffering from, at risk for suffering from a nephropathy. An array for detecting a Chinese diabetic subject suffering from, or at risk for suffering from, a nephropathy.

Abstract: A method for detecting a Chinese diabetic subject suffering from, at risk for developing, or suspected of suffering from a nephropathy. The method includes determining whether a sample from the subject has at least one of the following polymorphic sequences: an I/D genotype of an ACE gene, an M235T genotype of an AGT gene, a (CA)n-5?(z?2) genotype of an ALR2 gene, an C106T genotype of an ALR2 gene in the promoter region, a G-308A genotype of a TNF-? gene, or a complement thereof, provided that the ALR2 gene cannot be used alone, in which the presence of the polymorphic sequence indicates the subject suffering from, at risk for suffering from a nephropathy. An array for detecting a Chinese diabetic subject suffering from, or at risk for suffering from, a nephropathy.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for detecting a Chinese diabetic subject suffering from, at risk for developing, or suspected of suffering from a nephropathy. The method includes determining whether a sample from the subject has at least one polymorphic sequence selected from the group consisting of polymorphic sequences an I/D genotype of an ACE gene, an M235T genotype of an AGT gene, a (CA) n-5? (z-2) genotype of an ALR2 gene, an C106T genotype of an ALR2 gene in the promoter region, a G-308A genotype of a TNF-? gene, and a complement thereof, provided that the ALR2 gene cannot be used alone, in which the presence of the polymorphic sequence indicates the subject suffering from, or at risk for suffering from a nephropathy. Also provided is an array for detecting a Chinese diabetic subject suffering from, or at risk for suffering from a nephropathy.