Abstract: The invention relates to a data carrier, in particular bank note, paper of value, identity card or the like, having a security element disposed on the surface thereof. The data carrier is provided in at least one partial area with a background layer containing at least one authenticity feature. The optically variable element is applied to this background layer such that it overlaps the latter at least partly but does not completely cover it.

Abstract: A security document such as a bank note, identity card or the like, includes at least one multilayer security element made of at least two layers of reaction lacquer or adhesive between which diffraction structures, in particular holographic structures, exist in the form of a relief. A reflective layer is additionally disposed between the layers of lacquer. The reaction lacquer of adhesive is the type curable or cross-linkable under physical (e.g. radiation) and/or chemical activation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for making a data carrier (1) such as a paper of value or the like having an optically variable element (5,6) such as a hologram, applied to the surface, and an additional printed pattern (2), applied for example by steel intaglio printing, wherein the surface of the data carrier (15,16,20,21) is made smoother in the area of the optically variable element than in the remaining surface and the optically variable element is applied to the smoother area.

Abstract: A new method for producing substrates with a defined metallic surface form is provided which can be used advantageously in particular for producing reflection holograms on papers of value. The metallic planar elements are produced in detachable form on a master, e.g. a press roll, and then transferred directly from the master to the particular substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a security document, in particular a bank note, identity card or the like, having a security element which is provided with characters, patterns, etc., visually readable at least in transmitted light and which is electrically conductive and bears additional substances for machine testing, and to a method for producing such a security element. The security element preferably consists of a transparent film strip that bears negative writing readily capable of visual checking and is additionally provided with electrically conductive and magnetic substances.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system comprising a series of data carriers, in particular identity cards, papers of value or the like, whereby the data carriers belonging to the system exhibit diffraction structures containing standard information and parts of the series are changed by additional measures in the area of the diffraction structures or combined with other elements and they differ from the rest of the series in optically recognizable fashion, whereby the change in the diffraction structures and/or the combination with other elements convey an esthetic overall impression and the change and/or combination with the other elements cannot be undone without destruction of the diffraction structures.

Abstract: The invention relates to a security document, in particular a bank note, identity card or the like, having a security element which is provided with characters, patterns, etc., visually readable at least in transmitted light and which is electrically conductive and bears additional substances for machine testing, and to a method for producing such a security element. The security element preferably consists of a transparent film strip that bears negative writing readily capable of visual checking and is additionally provided with electrically conductive and magnetic substances.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a paper of value having an embedded security element, preferably an optically variable element in the form of hologram, diffraction or interference structures applied to the paper surface, and to a method for producing such a paper of value. The paper of value is characterized by the fact that the optically variable element is embedded in the paper of value with the paper surface forming a plane that is even with the surface of the optically variable element.

Abstract: A security element for use in a security document such as a bank note, identity card or the like includes at least a partial metallic coating on a substrate and wherein the metallic coating includes recesses in the forms of characters or patterns that are visually recognizable at least in transmitted light and a magnetic coating of soft-magnetic pigments disposed in overlying relationship with the metallic coating. A security document containing the security element is also described.

Abstract: A security element that can be embedded in the form of a thread or strip in a security document, in particular a paper of value, is composed of two carrier sheets, each of which bears each of the marking substances allowing for detection of authenticity. The two carrier sheets are put together in such a way that the marking substances to be protected from mechanical abrasion and other external influences come to lie on the inside.The thread not only offers special protection for the marking substances, but can also be embedded in the paper substance easily due to its symmetrical structure and without showing any tendency to curl.

Abstract: In order to detect security documents irrespective of their individual graphic designs, a method and apparatus are provided in which the presence of certain structural elements common to a variety of different security documents are analyzed without analyzing the whole printed image or comparing it for identity with the stored printed image. For example, the structural elements may be curved colored lines present in a certain minimum density of a surface, or intertwined line structures known as guilloches. The document to be copied is scanned as in any normal copying operation and the structural elements identified by electronic pattern recognition in order to determine whether copying is to be permitted, without requiring additional detection elements.

Abstract: Documents and data, patterns, etc., applied thereto, which are present in the form of a surface relief, in particular in the form of embossed characters, are provided partially in the area of this surface relief with luminescent substance which is testable visibly and by machine. The luminescent substance is introduced either into raised or into depressed areas of the surface relief, so that characteristic features of the surface relief are reflected in its spatial distribution. The data can thus be tested for falsification and at the same time for authenticity in a simple way.

Abstract: The invention relates to a security document, in particular a bank note, identity card or the like having a security element which is provided with characters, patterns, etc., visually readable at least in transmitted light and which is electrically conductive and bears additional substances for machine testing, and to a method for producing such a security element. The security element comprises a transparent film strip that bears negative writing readily capable of visual checking and is additionally provided with electrically conductive and magnetic substances.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method, an apparatus and sheets of materials for producing marked security threads as are used to increase the protection of documents and papers of value against forgery. The inventive method is for processing, in particular cutting, security threads out of sheets of material in register, the sheets of material being fed to the processing units in exact alignment. The feed principal is based onguiding the sheet of material on at least one edge of the sheet,determining the position relative to one of the edges of the sheet,producing a signal from the determination of position, andpositioning the feeding device relative to the processing unit so that the sheet of material runs into the latter in a predetermined position.

Abstract: A security element that can be embedded in the form of a thread or strip in a security document, in particular a paper of value, is composed of two carrier sheets, each of which bears each of the marking substances allowing for detection of authenticity. The two carrier sheets are put together in such a way that the marking substances to be protected from mechanical abrasion and other external influences come to lie on the inside.The thread not only offers special protection for the marking substances, but can also be embedded in the paper substance easily due to its symmetrical structure and without showing any tendency to curl.

Abstract: Stamps such as postage stamps, fee stamps, etc., involve the problem of being machine testable with respect to their position on the carrier and their authenticity, and of assuring that they can only be used once. A stamp is proposed with characterizing printing thereon and an adhesive layer for attaching it to a carrier, said stamp containing a machine-testable marking material suitable for automatic processing, the marking material being provided in the adhesive layer.

Abstract: A data carrier (1) such as a paper of value or the like having an optically variable element (5, 6), in particular a hologram, applied to the surface, and an additional printed pattern (2), applied in particular by steel intaglio printing, wherein the surface of the data carrier (15, 16, 20, 21) is smoother in the area of the optically variable element than in the remaining surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method, an apparatus and sheets of materials for producing marked security threads as are used to increase the protection of documents and parers of value against forgery. The inventive method is for processing, in particular cutting, security threads out of sheets of material in register, the sheets of material being fed to the processing units in exact alignment. The feed principal is based on guiding the sheet of material on at least one edge of the sheet, determining the position relative to one of the edges of the sheet, producing a signal form the determination of position, and positioning the feeding device relative to the processing unit so that the sheet of material runs into the latter in a predetermined position.

Abstract: In a security document having an embedded security element in the form of a transparent thread with electrically conductive material in at least two layers, at least one layer is transparent or partly transparent at least in certain areas. The partly transparent layer interacts with marks located on the thread in such a way that the marks are largely concealed in incident light but are recognizable visually in transmitted light.

Abstract: Stamps such as postage stamps, fee stamps, etc., involve the problem of being machine testable with respect to their position on the carrier and their authenticity, and of assuring that they can only be used once. A stamp is proposed with characterizing printing thereon and an adhesive layer for attaching it to a carrier, said stamp containing a machine-testable marking material suitable for automatic processing, the marking material being provided in the adhesive layer.