Abstract: A gas-filled pad for absorbing shocks and the like, the pad comprising: a pair of heat-sealed laminates defining therebetween a cavity; a pressurized gas sealed within the cavity; and wherein each of the laminates comprises a flexible strengthening member having a pair of opposite major sides and being impervious to the gas, and a pair of thermoplastic films each bonded to one of the opposite sides of the strengthening member, the pair of thermoplastic films extending beyond the outer edge of the strengthening member and being heat-sealed together in the region where the films extend beyond the outer edge of the strengthening member to thereby totally enclose the strengthening member.

Abstract: A tube expanding tool of a type having a body (1) with a pair of handles (3,26) arranged to move a tapered drift (15) into radially expandable jaws, characterized by a push rod (17) hingedly connected to the drift (15) and engaging a cam face (25) on the handle (26) pivoted on the body (1) to have the point of contact between the face (27) on the push rod (17) and the cam face (25) of the lever (26) positioned on, or adjacent to, the axis of movement of the drift (15).

Abstract: A pipe cutter for cutting pipes of plastic material. The pipe cutter has a clamp (2) for clamping the pipe and the clamp carries a saddle (9) which is rotatable about the clamp. A radially adjustable cutter (16) is mounted on the saddle (9) so that as the saddle (9) is rotated the pipe is cut. The cutter 16 is spring-loaded to accommodate for deflection of the pipe during cutting.