Abstract: The present invention provides for an antibody or fragment thereof capable of specifically binding to an epitope of the amino acid sequence CDPAFLYKVVD (SEQ ID NO:1) or a fragment of at least 5, 6, or 7 amino acids thereof.

Abstract: Sucrose biosensors are disclosed, which comprise a sucrose binding domain conjugated to donor and fluorescent moieties that permit detection and measurement of Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer upon sucrose binding. Such biosensors are useful for real time monitoring of sucrose metabolism in living cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for detecting and monitoring metabolite concentrations, which comprise detection and measurement of Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer upon ligand binding. The methods of the present invention are useful for real time monitoring of changes in metabolite levels in living cell cultures.

Abstract: Neurotransmitter biosensors are disclosed, including YbeJ-based glutamate binding biosensors, comprising a neurotransmitter binding domain conjugated to donor and fluorescent moieties that permit detection and measurement of Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer upon binding neurotransmitter. Such biosensors are useful for the detection of neurotransmitter concentrations in vivo and in culture.

Abstract: A novel class of transporter protein, referred to as SWEET, GLUE or Glü, is disclosed. These transporters provide a novel system for the transportation of sugars across membranes within a cell and between the inside and outside of a cell. Such transporters are useful for understanding and altering the sugar concentration within certain organs of an organism, and within certain organelles within the cell. These transporters are also useful in protecting plants from a pathogen attack.

Abstract: Neurotransmitter biosensors are disclosed, including YbeJ-based glutamate binding biosensors, comprising a neurotransmitter binding domain conjugated to donor and fluorescent moieties that permit detection and measurement of Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer upon binding neurotransmitter. Such biosensors are useful for the detection of neurotransmitter concentrations in vivo and in culture.

Abstract: Methods of avoiding repeat- and homology-induced silencing of transgenes are disclosed, in which transgene sequences are genetically altered to reduce the affects of gene silencing. FRET biosensors containing such genetic alterations for improved expression in cell lines and in vivo are disclosed.

Abstract: Intramolecular biosensors are disclosed, including PBP-based biosensors, comprising a ligand binding domain fused to donor and fluorescent moieties that permit detection and measurement of Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer upon binding ligand. At least one of the donor and fluorescent moieties may be internally fused to the biosensor such that both ends of the internally fused fluorophore are fixed. In addition, methods of improving the sensitivity of terminally fused biosensors are provided. The biosensors of the invention are useful for the detection and quantification of ligands in vivo and in culture.

Abstract: Phosphate biosensors are disclosed, which comprise a phosphate binding domain conjugated to donor and fluorescent moieties that permit detection and measurement of Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer upon phosphate binding. Such biosensors are useful for real time monitoring of phosphate metabolism in living cells.

Abstract: Sucrose biosensors are disclosed, which comprise a sucrose binding domain conjugated to donor and fluorescent moieties that permit detection and measurement of Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer upon sucrose binding. Such biosensors are useful for real time monitoring of sucrose metabolism in living cells.

Abstract: Polyamine biosensors are disclosed, including putrescine binding biosensors, comprising a polyamine binding domain conjugated to donor and fluorescent moieties that permit detection and measurement of Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer upon binding polyamine. Such biosensors are useful for the detection of polyamine concentrations in vivo and in culture.

Abstract: Environmentally stable biosensors are disclosed, which comprise a ligand binding domain from a thermophilic organism conjugated to donor and fluorescent moieties that permit detection and measurement of Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer upon ligand binding. Such biosensors demonstrate enhanced acid-, thermal- and chemical stability as compared to sensors constructed using protein domains from mesophilic organisms.

Abstract: Multimeric tryptophan biosensors are disclosed, which comprise tryptophan-binding domains conjugated to donor and fluorescent moieties that permit detection and measurement of Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer upon tryptophan binding. Such biosensors are useful for real time monitoring of tryptophan metabolism in living cells.

Abstract: The invention relates to a regulatory element for the modification of gene expression in transgenic plants, to nucleotide enhancer and repressor sequences derived from non-coding regions of a sucrose transporter gene, and to suitable promoters for use in a regulatory element for the modification of gene expression in transgenic plants.