Abstract: A silver catalyst containing one or more alkali metals and also tungsten as promotors for the direct oxidation of ethylene with oxygen to form ethylene oxide, on a porous support substantially consisting of .alpha.-aluminum oxide and having a specific surface area (BET) of from 0.3 to 3 m.sup.2 /g, which contains tungsten in a concentration of from 60 to 330 ppmwt, based on the total catalyst, per m.sup.2 of surface area for each gram of supporting material.

Abstract: Copper-containing catalysts for low temperature shift conversion at from 150.degree. to 300.degree. C. and under from 10 to 40 bar, which additionally contain aluminum and zinc, if necessary in the form of the compounds or oxides and are prepared by coprecipitation, the copper-containing catalysts containing potassium and having a BET surface area adapted to the potassium content, and the potassium content being brought to 0.1-3.0% by weight at a BET surface of from 30 to 160 m.sup.2 /g, are used for the preparation of hydrogen and carbon dioxide from carbon monoxide and water.

Abstract: Catalyst particles of an active material of the general formula[Mo,V,W].sub.12 Bi.sub.a [Fe,Ce].sub.b [Ni,Co,Zn].sub.C [Alkali].sub.d [P,As,Sb,B].sub.e [Si,Al,Ti].sub.f O.sub.xwherea is from 0.1 to 5,b is from 0.1 to 10,c is from 1 to 15,d is from 0.01 to 2,e is from 0 to 2,f is from 0 to 30 andx is the number of oxygen atoms required to saturate the valences of the other components,have the shape of a 3-spoked to 5-spoked wheel or of a rosette which have wall thicknesses of from 0.5 to 4 mm and a diameter of from 3 to 20 mm.

Abstract: Supported silver catalysts which contain one or more alkali metals are prepared in a two-stage process by doping a basic catalyst which contains silver in metallic form and may also contain lithium with the heavy alkali metal sodium, potassium, rubidium and/or cesium using an impregnating solution which contains the heavy alkali metal and one or more nitrates of the general formulaR.sup.+ NO.sub.3.sup.-wherein R.sup.+ is an ammonium, hydrazinium, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -monoalkylammonium, C.sub.2 -C.sub.12 -dialkylammonium, C.sub.3 -C.sub.12 -trialkylammonium or C.sub.4 -C.sub.12 -tetraalkylammonium cation.

Abstract: Amines are prepared from an olefin and ammonia or a primary and/or secondary amine in the presence of a zeolite catalyst of the pentasil type. Iron silicate zeolites of the pentasil type having an SiO.sub.2 /Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 ratio greater than or equal to 10 are preferably used.

Abstract: Amines are prepared from an olefin and ammonia or a primary or secondary amine, or a mixture of these, in the presence of a borosilicate or borogermanate zeolite of the pentasil type as a catalyst, by a process in which the amine obtained is isolated from the reaction mixture, and unreacted starting materials are recycled.

Abstract: A silver catalyst containing lithium and cesium as promoters for the direct oxidation of ethylene with oxygen to give ethylene oxide is applied to a porous carrier and essentially consists of .alpha.-alumina and contains certain amounts of soluble calcium, aluminum, potassium and sodium salts. The carrier has a BET surface area of from 0.4 to 0.8 m.sup.2 /g, a pore volume of not less than 0.45 ml/g, the pores being equally accessible to cold and warm water, a bulk density of less than 700 kg/m.sup.3 and a shape which, in the reactor, provides a geometrical surface area of not less than 600 m.sup.2 /m.sup.3, on which more than 13% by weight of silver are applied as active component and more than 115 kg of silver are available per m.sup.3 of reactor, and from 100 to 300 ppm by weight of lithium and from 200 to 600 ppm by weight of cesium are present as promoters. A process for the preparation of the silver catalyst and its use for the oxidation of ethylene are described.

Abstract: 1,4-Diacyloxybut-2-enes and 3,4-diacyloxybut-1-enes are converted into one another in the gas phase or liquid phase at from 100.degree. to 350.degree. C. under atmospheric or superatmospheric pressure in the presence of a zeolite as a catalyst.

Abstract: But-2-enes are obtained from C.sub.4 -hydrocarbon mixtures which contain but-1-ene and may or may not contain but-2-enes by catalytic isomerization of the but-1-ene to but-2-enes in an isomerization zone at elevated temperatures by a process in which the isomerization is carried out in combination with a distillative separation zone, the said hydrocarbon mixture being fed to the isomerization zone and/or distillative separation zone, the isomerization mixture obtained from the isomerization zone is passed into the distillative separation zone, a but-1-ene-containing fraction is removed above the lower third of the distillative separation zone and passed into the isomerization zone, and the but-2-enes or a fraction containing these are or is removed in the lower third of the distillative separation zone.

Abstract: A molded supported catalyst which contains from 2 to 13% by weight of copper ions in the form of copper(II) chloride and/or copper oxychloride and from 0.2 to 3% by weight of alkali metal ion on a columnar carrier and has a diameter of from 4 to 7 mm and a height which is from 0.35 to 0.75 times the diameter is particularly suitable for preparing 1,2-dichloroethane by oxychlorination of ethylene.

Abstract: 1,2-Dichloroethane is prepared by oxychlorination of ethylene in the presence of a catalyst which contains, on a conventional carrier, copper(II) chloride in a concentration such that the amount of copper ions is from 1 to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the catalyst, by a process in which the catalyst is obtained by impregnating the carrier with an aqueous solution which contains copper(II) chloride and hydrogen chloride in amounts such that the weight ratio of copper ions to hydrogen chloride is from 13:1 to 130:1.

Abstract: A silver catalyst for the direct oxidation of ethylene with oxygen to give ethylene oxide is applied on a porous carrier and essentially consists of .alpha.-alumina and contains certain amounts of soluble calcium, aluminum, potassium and sodium salts. The carrier has a BET surface area of from 0.2 to 0.8 m.sup.2 /g, a pore volume of not less than 0.5 ml/g, the pores being equally accessible to cold and warm water, and a bulk density of less than 650 kg/m.sup.3, and has a shape which, in the reactor, provides a geometric surface area of not less than 600 m.sup.2 /m.sup.3, on which more than 13% by weight of silver are applied as the active component, more than 110 kg of silver being available per m.sup.3 of reactor.

Abstract: A honeycomb catalyst consisting of from 30 to 95% by weight, calculated as Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3, of an iron compound and from 0.1 to 60% by weight, calculated as Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, CeO.sub.2 or Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3, of an aluminum, cerium and/or chromium compound and/or from 1 to 50% by weight of an alkali metal compound, in particular potassium, calculated as K.sub.2 O, and/or from 0.2 to 20% by weight, calculated as MeO.sub.3, of an element of sub-group 6, preferably MoO.sub.3 and WO.sub.3, and/or from 0.1 to 20% by weight, calculated as V.sub.2 O.sub.5, of a compound of vanadium and/or from 0.1 to 20% by weight, calculated as P.sub.2 O.sub.5, of a compound of phosphorus, a process for the preparation of the honeycomb catalyst, and the use of the catalyst for organic reactions.

Abstract: Ketones are prepared by isomerization of aldehydes at elevated temperatures over zeolites.

Abstract: Alkylbenzenes are prepared by converting an alkyl-, alkylidene- or alkenylcyclohexene or an alkyl- or alkenylcyclohexadiene in the presence of an acidic zeolite catalyst of the pentasil type, in the gas phase or liquid phase.

Abstract: Olefins are prepared by converting methanol and/or dimethyl ether in the presence of a zeolite catalyst at elevated temperatures by a process wherein the catalyst used is a borosilicate zeolite which has been molded together with an amorphous binder containing aluminum oxide and silicon dioxide. The advantage of using the borosilicate catalyst is that the yield of C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -olefins is improved at the expense of formation of higher hydrocarbons.

Abstract: 2-Methylalk-2-enals of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each hydrogen, alkyl or an aromatic radical, are prepared by isomerization of an acrolein derivative of the formula ##STR2## with a zeolite catalyst, an aluminum silicate and/or an aluminum phosphate.

Abstract: Dienes are prepared by dehydration of aldehydes at elevated temperatures by a method in which the dehydration is carried out using a zeolite as a catalyst.

Abstract: Novel crystalline ZBH borosilicate zeolites of the pentasil type are prepared by hydrothermal crystallization of silicon dioxide and boric acid in the presence of alkali metal salts, at from 80.degree. to 140.degree. C. in an ethereal or aqueous-ethereal mixture.

Abstract: The Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 carrier material from Ag/Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 supported catalysts which is obtained after the silver has been removed from such spent catalysts in a conventional manner is regenerated by a method in which the carrier material(a) is treated with an aqueous solution of a water-soluble salt or hydroxide of a metal of group IIA, IIIB or IVB of the Periodic Table or of aluminum, copper, manganese, zinc, cadmium, tin or lead, and the material treated in this manner is then dried, and/or the material(b) is heated at 750-1,500.degree. C. for not less than 10 minutes.